For answer see page 154 A 45-year-old woman with a history of neurofibromatosis presented with pain and numbness in her left foot for the past 3 months. She noted that a mass had been present in the medial aspect of left ankle for several years, but only in the past months had it caused paresthesia over the plantar foot and tarsal tunnel. Physical examination confirmed a tender mass in the medi...

BACKGROUND Posterior tarsal tunnel syndrome is an uncommon clinical entity which is sometimes misdiagnosed in patients with pain of the retromalleolar region and the plantar aspect of the foot. Surgical intervention is recommended for correctly diagnosed posterior tarsal tunnel syndrome. METHODS Selective literature review. RESULTS Surgical treatment is indicated in the presence of dysesthe...

AIMS Knowledge about branching pattern of the popliteal artery is very important in any clinical settings involving the anterior and posterior tibial arteries. This study aims to elucidate the anatomical variation patterns and common types of anterior tibial artery (ATA) and posterior tibial arteries (PTA) in the general population in China. MATERIAL AND METHODS Anatomical variations of ATA, ...

Joint and soft tissue injection of the ankle and foot region is a useful diagnostic and therapeutic tool for the family physician. This article reviews the injection procedure for the plantar fascia, ankle joint, tarsal tunnel, interdigital space, and first metatarsophalangeal joint. Indications for plantar fascia injection include degeneration secondary to repetitive use and traumatic injuries...