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introduction: a study model is a precise three dimensional replica of patient’s dentition and plays an important role in treatment planning. many digital multi-media applications have become available to the clinician and his or her staff to facilitate standard procedures in practice and management. the aim of this study is to evaluate reliability and validity of dental measurement made on digi...

background: daily increased rate of anterior cruciate ligament (acl) injuries in athletes calls for more investigation in these patients to differentiate copers from noncoper acl-deficient (acld) knees as soon as possible. objectives: the current study aims to introduce a new electromyographic protocol, named voluntary response index (vri), that might help to categorize and differentiate patien...

background: despite the importance of hamstring tendon autograft, one major disadvantage in applying this technique in the surgical reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament is individual variability in the tendon diameter. hence, the purpose of the present study was to use anthropometric parameters such as gender, height and body mass index to predict 4-strand (quadruple) hamstring tendons ...