a case of g iant cell tumor of t he vertebra simulat ing vert ebra plana was reported . t he d i agnos i s o f t he vertebra plana should not be confirmed by t he history of the patient and radiologica l manifestation alone . it can onlybe confirmed by biopsy . bone l esions of the spine i s one of the most di fficul t problems t o diagnosis and t r eat . spinal tumors a r e either primary or m...

Exploiters of protection mutualisms are assumed to represent an important threat for the stability of those mutualisms, but empirical evidence for the commonness or relevance of exploiters is limited. Here, I describe results from a manipulative study showing that an orb-weaver spider, Eustala oblonga, inhabits an ant-acacia for protection from predators. This spider is unique in the orb-weaver...

An Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) flower consists of four types of organs arranged in a stereotypical pattern. This complex floral structure is elaborated from a small number of floral meristem cells partitioned from the shoot apical meristem during reproductive development. The positioning of floral primordia within the periphery of the shoot apical meristem depends on transport of the phy...

T h e deve lopment of monoclona l ant isera by the h y b r i d o m a technique permi ts the expans ion o f knowledge abou t h u m a n lymphoma . W e report a r emarkab le l ineage a m o n g the large cell l ymphomas that is devoid of Ia-l ike ant igen, exhibi ts clonal surface (or cytoplasmic) IgG, and reacts wi th monoclona l ant isera previously demons t ra ted to react only wi th ear ly thym...

objective: to compare immunogenicity of a recombinant hepatitis b (hb) vaccine in two groups of neonates born in two cities of iran with different geographic and ethnic backgrounds.   materials and methods: ten micrograms of a recombinant hb vaccine was administered under field condition to iranian healthy neonates at 0, 1.5 and 9 months intervals. the subjects consisted of two groups of 290 an...

In this article, I defend the thesis that selfishness and altruism can be intrapersonal. In doing so, I argue that the notions of intrapersonal altruism and selfishness usefully pick out behavioural patterns and have predictive value. I also argue that my thesis helps enrich our understanding of the prudential, and can subsume some interesting work in economic and psychological theory. 'Why bot...

Phagocytosis is a recognized activity of most cells cul tured in vitro, and HeLa cells are in termediate in phagocytic activity (2). T he phagocytic activity of HeLa cells is inhibi ted by anticellular ant ibody, and this inhibi t ion occurs with concentrat ions of ant icel lular an t ibody which are not cytotoxic in complement-free systems and do not al ter uptake of tr i t iated thymidine and...

Ant i id io typ ic an t ibodies have been used in various systems to s tudy bo th the spec t rum of the i m m u n e response (1) and the na tu re of cel lular receptors to ant igens (2). Because of the evidence tha t id io typic de t e rminan t s can be associated wi th the an t igen-combin ing site (3), i d io typy of a n t i b o d y m a y be used as a mi r ro r image for def ining ant igenic ...

One commonly studied driver of community assembly is the eff ect of dominant species on subordinate species. Dominant species may impact community assembly during competitive sorting, or recruitment. For ants, important and abundant species in the tropics, several factors may drive community assembly including competition, dispersal, priority eff ects, and environmental conditions. Although com...