The 3-hydroxykynurenine transaminase (3-HKT) gene plays a vital role in the development of malaria parasites by participating in the synthesis of xanthurenic acid, which is involved in the exflagellation of microgametocytes in the midgut of malaria vector species. The 3-HKT enzyme is involved in the tryptophan metabolism of Anophelines. The gene had been studied in the important global malaria ...

District of Jiroft is situated in south-east of Iran which is one of the malarious regions. Anopheles stephensi is considered as one of the main malaria vector in this region. Ecology of this species was studied in the area to understand its vector behavior for implementation of effective vector control measures. Different methods like total catch, pit shelter, night bite collection on human an...

Abstract Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes share urban breeding sites with Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus in the Republic of Djibouti. We present evidence that A. might be responsible for an increase malaria incidence this country. also document resistance Plasmodium falciparum to dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine.

The cibarial armature of Anopheles (Cellia) stephensi Liston and Anopheles (Cellia) culicifacies Giles are described in detail for first time with the aid of SEM. A description of cibarial armature includes lateral flanges and cibarial teeth. Besides this, the number, distribution and type of sense organs also described.

Malaria parasite (Plasmodium spp.) infection in the mosquito Anopheles stephensi induces significant expression of A. stephensi nitric oxide synthase (AsNOS) in the midgut epithelium as early as 6 h postinfection and intermittently thereafter. This induction results in the synthesis of inflammatory levels of nitric oxide (NO) in the blood-filled midgut that adversely impact parasite development...

Bioinsecticide Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Btk) was used for controlling the mosquito species (Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus) which gave a significant (p<0.05) mortality in both species. The higher concentration of Btk was highly effective compared to the control ones. The controlling effect was dose and time dependent. Among the studied mosquitoes the C. quinquefasci...

Flavobacteria (members of the family Flavobacteriaceae) dominate the bacterial community in the Anopheles mosquito midgut. One such commensal, Elizabethkingia anophelis, is closely associated with Anopheles mosquitoes through transstadial persistence (i.e., from one life stage to the next); these and other properties favor its development for paratransgenic applications in control of malaria pa...

three media formulated from molasses and cornsteep liquor and another media based on the basal medium formulation of ips-82 were assessed for the growth and production of insecticidal properties of b. thuringiensis h-14 .• bacterial powders prepared from the broth cultures were assayed against the larvae of culex pipiens and anopheles stephensi. a standard powder of ips-82 was included in the a...