since the dawn of space age, international community was faced with the challenge of determination of the norms governing human activities in space. among these, sovereignty, appropriation and property rights were the most sophisticated problems. the question was that whether states are permitted to extend their terrestrial sovereignty to outer space and appropriate space and celestial bodies o...

in arid and semi-arid ecosystems, shrubs may act as fertility islands but theireffect may vary depending on their morphology and ecological impacts. this research wasaimed to study effect of three shrubs scariola orientalis, astragalus heratensis, and rosapersica on soil properties and on the microclimate conditions (temperature, luminance, andsoil moisture) of their understory in the steppe ra...

beyond its quantity, natural light has unique properties used intelligently in iranian historical architecture in order to transfer spiritual concepts. religious buildings are a good context for re-reading of light concept. due to its valuable place in iranian-islamic belief as well as its direct relationship with wisdom and philosophy, the qualitative presence of light in architecture, aimed a...

the city is alive with dynamic systems, where parks and urban green spaces have high strategic importance which help to improve living conditions. urban parks are used as visual landscape with so many benefits such as reducing stress, reducing air pollution and producing oxygen, creating opportunities for people to participate in physical activities, optimal environment for children and decreas...

abstract background: musculoskeletal disorders (msds) are a serious problem among the nursing staff. mental workload is the major cause of msds among nursing staff. the aim of this study was to investigate the mental workload dimensions and their association with msds among nurses of alzahra hospital, affi liated to isfahan university of medical sciences. materials and methods: this descriptive...

quantitative identification of physical changes, developments and dynamic position of urban green space is considered as the first step in its planning. by means of the aerial photos taken in 1956, 1974, and 1994 as well as the quick bird satellite image captured in 2006, this study has dealt with changes in per capita green space in khorramabad during these years. first, geometric corrections ...

in this paper, we first define spaces of single difference sequences defined by a sequence of orlicz functions without convexity and investigate their properties. then we extend this idea to spaces of double sequences and present a new matrix theoretic approach construction of such double sequence spaces.

many epidemiological studies have found that people living in environments with more green space report better physical and mental health than those with less green space. however, the association between visits to green space and mental health has seldom been studied. the environment surrounding residences and its recreational and commuting opportunities are believed to affect human health and...