Background and Purpose: The problematic reduction of civic engagement in local communities of Khuzestan province in the southwest of Iran has became a serious issue for research in social planning and policy making. Efforts have been made to study the risk factors as the deterrents to engaging in the society. Methods: this study aims to investigate the factors influencing civic engagement amon...

This paper presents the rationale and design for a collaborative virtual environment that is being developed to aid shared assessment of urban planning proposals. The research aims to show how a collaborative virtual environment system can be constructed, applied and used in the context of urban planning. A navigable and interactive collaborative virtual environment is being created in which pl...

since last decades, there has been a growing interest in the human/social dimensions of natural resources governance especially the structure of social networks in achieving to successful co-management of natural resources. network analysis as a suitable tool in optimum planning of the “network management” of rangeland in regional scale, can improve inter-organizational decision-making and coor...

since, in the same vein as public spaces, urban green spaces play a significant role in establishing social interactions in the iranian cities, security concerns need to be taken more seriously in such places than other social environments, the insufficiency of which could diminish their functional capacity. this could in turn lead to a source of subsequent difficulties in urban spaces. therefo...

BACKGROUND despite health impact assessment (HIA) being increasingly widely used internationally, fundamental questions about its impact on decision-making, implementation and practices remain. In 2005 a collaboration between public health and local government authorities performed an HIA on the Christchurch Urban Development Strategy Options paper in New Zealand. The findings of this were inco...