Amyloid plaques, consisting of deposited beta-amyloid (Aβ), are a neuropathological hallmark of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Cerebral vessels play a major role in AD, as Aβ is cleared from the brain by pathways involving the cerebrovasculature, most AD patients have cerebrovascular amyloid (cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), and cardiovascular risk factors increase dementia risk. Here we present a...

Extracellular accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques is one the major pathological hallmarks Alzheimer's disease (AD), and target only FDA-approved disease-modifying treatment for AD. Accordingly, use transgenic mouse models that overexpress amyloid precursor protein thereby accumulate cerebral Aβ are widely used to model human AD in mice. Therefore, immunoassays, including enzyme-linked imm...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia. The amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide is the predominant candidate aetiological agent and is generated through the sequential proteolytic cleavage of the Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) by beta (β) and gamma (γ) secretases. Since the cellular prion protein (PrP(c)) has been shown to regulate Aβ shedding, we investigated whether the cellul...

INTRODUCTION Biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) may facilitate early and accurate diagnosis and offer a way to track the effectiveness of new therapies. Amyloid imaging offers an unrivaled ability to visualize the presence and anatomical distribution of fibrillar beta-amyloid (Aβ) pathology non-invasively in living humans. New diagnostic criteria for AD incorporate the use of such biomarke...

introduction: one of the most common markers in alzheimer’s disease (ad) is amyloid beta (aβ) plaques. anti-inflamm-atory agents including phagocytosis by immune cells, proteolytic enzymes and liver are known to decline the risk of aβ plaques formation. in the previous study we showed that aqueous extract of lavandula angusti-folia (lavender) improved memory deficits in alzheimeric rats. here, ...

Previous studies in humans and animals have suggested a possible association between lead (Pb) exposure and the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Animals acutely exposed to Pb display an over-expressed amyloid precursor protein (APP) and the ensuing accumulation of beta-amyloid (Aβ) in brain extracellular spaces. This study was designed to examine whether in vivo Pb exposure increased brain...

Central to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the assembly of amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) into fibrils. A reduction in pH accompanying inflammation or subcellular compartments, may accelerate fibril formation as approaches Aβ’s isoelectric point (pI). Using global fitting kinetics over a range pHs, we identify impact net charge has on individual microscopic rate constants. We show that primary nucleatio...

Amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) aggregation is one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and metal ions such as Cu(ii) have been proposed to play a role in amyloid formation and the onset of this progressive neurodegenerative disorder. This study reports the design and characterization of a novel bifunctional non-natural tetrapeptide, Met-Asp-d-Trp-Aib, that is capable of binding copper, comp...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterised by the aggregation of two quite different proteins, namely, amyloid-beta (Aβ), which forms extracellular plaques, and tau, the main component of cytoplasmic neurofibrillary tangles. The amyloid hypothesis proposes that Aβ plaques precede tangle formation but there is still much controversy concerning the order of events and the linkage between Aβ and ta...

alzheimer’s disease (ad) is a disorder with multiple pathophysiological causes, destructive outcomes, and no available definitive cure. pelargonidin (pel), an anthocyanin derivative, is an estrogen receptor agonist with little estrogen side effects. this study was designed to assess pel memory enhancing effects on the a rat amyloid beta 25-35 (aβ) intrahippocampal microinjections model of ad in...