The Second Incompleteness Theorem states that axiom systems of sufficient strength are unable to verify their own consistency. Part of the reason that Gödel's theorem has fascinated logicians is that it almost defies common sense. This is because when human beings cogitate, they implicitly presume that thinking is a useful process. However, this tacit assumption would initially appear to presum...

The central challenge in realizing non-volatile, E-field manipulation of magnetism lies in finding an energy efficient means to switch between the distinct magnetic states in a stable and reversible manner. In this work, we demonstrate using electrical polarization-induced charge screening to change the ground state of magnetic ordering in order to non-volatilely tune magnetic properties in ult...

Migratory birds are known to use the Earth’s magnetic field as an orientation cue on their 13 tremendous journeys between their breeding and overwintering grounds. The magnetic 14 compass of migratory birds relies on the magnetic field’s inclination, i.e. the angle between 15 the magnetic field lines and the Earth’s surface. As a consequence, vertical or horizontal field 16 lines corresponding ...

1 Grain amaranth is a pseudo-cereal and an ancient crop of Central and South America. Of the 2 three species of grain amaranth, Amaranthus caudatus is mainly grown in the Andean region. 3 Several models of domestication were proposed including a domestication from the wild rela4 tives A. hybridus or A. quitensis. To investigate the domestication history of A. caudatus and 5 its relationship to ...

Reflexivity lies at the heart of this thesis: I seek to understand to have knowledge of a particular way of knowing. There are echoes of this reflexivity in my literature review of embodied cognition, where I discussed attempts to think about how we think. This reflexive circle need not be 'vicious', in the sense of tying me into a knot of self-reference, if I apply the tools of phenomenology a...

A major challenge in ecotoxicology lies in generating data under experimental conditions that are relevant to understanding contaminant effects in nature. Biodynamic modeling combines species-specific physiological traits to make predictions of metal bioaccumulation that fare well when tested in the field. We generated biodynamic models for seven predatory stonefly (Plecoptera) species represen...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cress-seed (Lepidium sativum) exudate exerts an allelochemical effect, promoting excessive hypocotyl elongation and inhibiting root growth in neighbouring Amaranthus caudatus seedlings. We investigated acidic disaccharides present in cress-seed exudate, testing the proposal that the allelochemical is an oligosaccharin-lepidimoic acid (LMA; 4-deoxy-β-l-threo-hex-4-enopyranuro...

-A lectin of M, ca 45,000 per subunit from Amaranthus leucocarpus seeds, has been isolated and purified by affinity chromatography using a stroma column. It is a glycoprotein (10% w/w carbohydrate) containing six N-acetylD-glucosamines, four D-galactoses, one D-glucose and traces of xylose residues for each three D-mannose residues per molecule. Its amino acid composition reveals a predominance...