Ingestion of mushrooms from the genus Amanita can present detrimental consequences to the human body. The mushroom is frequently found in the coastal Pacific Northwest, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Ohio. Amanitin, one of the two distinct toxins isolated from the Amanita mushroom, is responsible for the majority of symptoms and signs seen with mushroom poisoning. Clinically, ingestion of these ...

<em>Amanita indogrisea</em> is described here as a new species from coniferous forests in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India based on morpho-anatomy molecular data. This characterized by its small to medium-sized basidiomata, ash grey lilac-grey pileal surface with greyish brown pulverulent-floccose felted veil remnants, greyish-white stipes ovoid ellipsoid basal bulb, ...

The accurate classification of Amanita is helpful to its research on biological control and medical value, it can also prevent mushroom poisoning incidents. In this paper, we constructed the Bilinear convolutional neural networks (B-CNN) with attention mechanism model based transfer learning realize Amanita. When trained, weight ImageNet used for pre-training, Adam optimizer update network para...

The peptide toxins of poisonous Amanita mushrooms are bicyclic octapeptides (amatoxins) or heptapeptides (phallotoxins). In Amanita bisporigera, alpha-amanitin and phallacidin are synthesized as 35- and 34-amino acid proproteins, respectively, in which the amino acid sequences found in the mature toxins are flanked by conserved amino acid sequences. The presence of invariant Pro residues immedi...

Microbial symbioses have evolved repeatedly across the tree of life, but the genetic changes underlying transitions to symbiosis are largely unknown, especially for eukaryotic microbial symbionts. We used the genus Amanita, an iconic group of mushroom-forming fungi engaged in ectomycorrhizal symbioses with plants, to identify both the origins and potential genetic changes maintaining the stabil...

BACKGROUND/AIM Alpha- and beta-amanitins are the main toxins of the poisonous Amanita phalloides mushroom. Although there are many studies available concerning alpha-amanitin, there are limited data about beta-amanitin in the literature. Therefore, this study is aimed at comparing the toxic effects of alpha- and beta-amanitin on the MCF-7 cell line. MATERIALS AND METHODS The alpha- and beta-a...

 Amanita phalloides is the most relevant mushroom intoxication leading to acute liver failure. The two principal groups of toxins, the amatoxins and the phallotoxins, are small oligopeptides highly resistant to chemical and physical influences. The amatoxins inhibit eukaryotic RNA polymerase II causing transcription arrest affecting mainly metabolically highly active cells like hepatocytes and ...

Amanita phalloides, Amanitins, Phalloidin, Mushroom Poisoning, Chromatography A fast, sensitive high performance thin-layer chromatographic method for the determination of a-, ß-, and y-amanitin in crude, methanolic extracts of Amanita phalloides is described. The limit of detection is 50 ng of each amanitin. With this method amanitin was determined in 24 pooled samples of Amanita phalloides, c...

It has recently been shown by one of us (W. W. Ford’) that the poisons of the fungus Amanita phalloides, the variety responsible for the great majority of deaths from mushroom intoxication, belong to the group of bacterial toxins. They were thus classified in virtue of their causing characteristic lesions in animals after a definite latent period, and because an immunity may be established towa...