20 In 2011 the National Institute on Aging and Alzheimer’s Association (NIA-AA) created 21 separate diagnostic recommendations for the preclinical, mild cognitive impairment, and 22 dementia stages of Alzheimers disease. Scientific progress in the interim led to an initiative by 23 the NIA-AA to update and unify the 2011 guidelines. This unifying update is labeled a “research 24 framework”, bec...

Alzheimers Disease AD is an acute neuro disease that degenerates the brain cells and thus leads to memory loss progressively. It a fatal mostly affects elderly. steers decline of cognitive biological functions shrinks successively, which in turn known as Atrophy. For accurate diagnosis disease, cutting edge methods like machine learning are essential. Recently, has gained lot attention populari...

alzheimer is age-related, progressive brain degeneration disease. it destroys memory slowly. the number of people living with ad is increasing as fast as the count of aged population and extension of bad nutrition habits. the main cause of ad is not clearly known, but prior studies noted the importance of inflammation in tau hyperphosphorylation and failure of microglia to clear ab peptide accu...

Alzheimer’s disease pathophysiology still remains unclear and current pharmacological strategies have limited effectiveness, so that the search for alternative and/or complementary therapeutic strategies is a compelling need, as well as a detailed characterization of the disease progression and its neurophysiological correlates. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS),has been employed by a num...

Aging is the common denominator and the highest risk factor for macular degeneration and Alzheimers Disease (AD). Important pathological hallmarks common to both diseases are the presence of amyloid β (Aβ) in the senile plaques of the AD brain and in the drusen of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients, oxidative stress, and apoptotic cell death. Data suggest that a common pathogenic m...

OBJECTIVE Considering the lack of studies on measures that increase the diagnostic distinction between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and on the role of the Cambridge Cognitive Examination (CAMCOG) in this, our study aims to compare the utility of the CAMCOG, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in helping to differentiate A...

Background: In visuo-constructional copying tasks, individuals with dementia can reproduce distorted or simplified figures resulting in the so-called ‘Constructional apraxia’ (CA) impairment. CA has been often described in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Vascular dementia (VAD), or Fronto-temporal dementia (FTD), and less often in patients with Parkinson’s disease and associated dementia (PDD). There...

Background According to the dementia progression, especially in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), venous reflex disturbance may be concerned. We previously found and reported that validation of spontaneous echo contrast or velocities internal jugular vein are convenient AD diagnosis screening methods reflux correlates with development (Matsuzono K et al. J Alzheimers Dis. 2021;84(2):787-796). In order ...