نتایج جستجو برای: altitude pulmonary hypertension
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Latin America is here defined as all of the Americas south of the United States. In the setting of pulmonary hypertension, there are social inequalities and geophysical aspects in this region that account for a high prevalence of certain etiologies. This review aimed to analyze some of these factors. Data were collected from the existing literature. Information also was obtained from local tert...
Acute exposure to high altitude, which is defined as > 2500 m above sea level, is well-known to be associated with significant alterations to the cardiovascular system, with reductions in atmospheric pressure, oxygen pressure resulting in acute hypoxia, increased myocardial work, increased epinephrine release , and increased pulmonary artery pressures. 1) However, the effects of moderate altitu...
Reeves, John T., and Robert F. Grover. Insights by Peruvian scientists into the pathogenesis of human chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. J Appl Physiol 98: 384–389, 2005; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00677.2004.—Pulmonary hypertension had long been suspected in high-altitude natives of the Andes. However, it remained for a team of Peruvian scientists led by Dante Penaloza to provide not only t...
Exposure to chronic hypoxia during gestation predisposes infants to neonatal pulmonary hypertension, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we test the hypothesis that moderate continuous hypoxia during gestation causes changes in the rho-kinase pathway that persist in the newborn period, altering vessel tone and responsiveness. Lambs kept at 3,801 m above sea level during gestatio...
BACKGROUND High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is characterized by severe pulmonary hypertension and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid changes indicative of inflammation. It is not known, however, whether the primary event is an increase in pressure or an increase in permeability of the pulmonary capillaries. METHODS AND RESULTS We studied pulmonary hemodynamics, including capillary pressure dete...
BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension is a hallmark of high-altitude pulmonary edema and may contribute to its pathogenesis. Cardiovascular adjustments to hypoxia are mediated, at least in part, by the sympathetic nervous system, and sympathetic activation promotes pulmonary vasoconstriction and alveolar fluid flooding in experimental animals. METHODS AND RESULTS We measured sympathetic nerve act...
conclusions we observed acceptable results regarding both efficacy and safety with 62.5 mg of bosentan, twice daily in this group of patients. further clinical trials investigating pah with lower dosages of bosentan may be warranted. results no adverse drug reaction was observed during the follow-up. clinical worsening occurred in six (14%) patients, at least one year after treatment, two of th...
Ascent to high altitude is normally associated with a modest increase in pulmonary artery pressure.1 The increased right ventricular afterload, coupled with hypobaric hypoxia-induced reductions in blood oxygen content, may lead to diminished peripheral oxygen delivery and result in dyspnea, fatigue, and exercise intolerance.2 The predominant mechanism responsible for the increase in pulmonary a...
This article summarizes and puts into perspective the most important advances made in 2005 in the field of pulmonary vascular disease. The focuswill be entirely on pathogenetic and therapeutic aspects of pulmonary hypertension, although important articles have also been published in other areas of pulmonary vascular disease, including pulmonary embolism (1, 2) and high-altitude pulmonary edema ...
Exaggerated hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension is a hallmark of high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and plays a major role in its pathogenesis. Many studies of HAPE have estimated systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (SPAP) with Doppler echocardiography. Whereas at low altitude, Doppler echocardiographic estimation of SPAP correlates closely with its invasive measurement, no such evidence ...
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