In this thesis, we will present solutions for end users on how to profit from efficient data transmission and dissemination using multicasting with Quality of Service (QoS) support. Multicasting is one of the most efficient mechanisms to distribute data from one sender to multiple receivers concurrently. Since IP Multicasting is not widely deployed in the Internet today, Overlay Multicast has b...

The augmented Lagrangian method (ALM) is a benchmark for solving a convex minimization model with linear constraints. We consider the special case where the objective is the sum of m functions without coupled variables. For solving this separable convex minimization model, it is usually required to decompose the ALM subproblem at each iteration into m smaller subproblems, each of which only inv...

In a recent study we detected marked differences in the antigenic profile of acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) and nodular melanoma lesions. Furthermore, we showed that the human high molecular weight melanoma-associated antigen (HMW-MAA) is expressed with a significantly higher frequency in metastatic than in primary ALM lesions. Because of the potential role of HMW-MAA in the metastatic proces...

Cavernous sinus angioleiomyoma (ALM) is extremely rare. Only three cases have been reported to be cavernous sinus ALM, and very few reports described characteristic findings for intracranial ALMs in detail. We report a new case of cavernous sinus ALM, with detailed information on the clinical presentation, radiology, pathology, and surgical approach. A 52-year-old woman had a 6-month history of...

The augmented Lagrangian method (ALM) is a benchmark for solving convex minimization problems with linear constraints. When the objective function of the model under consideration is representable as the sum of some functions without coupled variables, a Jacobian or Gauss-Seidel decomposition is often implemented to decompose the ALM subproblems so that the functions’ properties could be used m...

In this study, different positively charged niosomal formulations containing sorbitan esters, cholesterol and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide were prepared by film hydration method for the entrapment of autoclaved Leishmania major (ALM). Size distribution pattern and stability of niosomes were investigated by laser light scattering method and ALM encapsulation per cent was measured by the bici...

Active Learning Method (ALM) is a soft computing method which is used for modeling and control, based on fuzzy logic. Although ALM has shown that it acts well in dynamic environments, its operators cannot support it very well in complex situations due to losing data. Thus ALM can find better membership functions if more appropriate operators be chosen for it. This paper substituted two new oper...

This paper describes a methodology for designing Question Answering systems that utilize an action language ALM to allow inferences based on complex interactions of events described in texts. This methodology assumes the extension of the VERBNET lexicon with interpretable semantic annotations in ALM and specifies the use of several other NLP resources to produce ALM system descriptions for inpu...

In this paper, we propose a new middleware, which supports implementation and evaluation of Application Layer Multicast (ALM in short) protocols in real environments. The middleware provides many functions by which it can largely reduce the time and effort required for ALM protocol prototyping, performance evaluation and tuning. By using those functionalities, we have easily implemented several...

STUDY DESIGN This was an interventional human cadaver study and radiological study. OBJECTIVES Atlas instrumentation is frequently involved in fusion procedures involving the craniocervical junction area. Identification of the entry point at the center of atlas lateral mass (ALM) is challenging because of its rounded posterior surface and the surrounding venous plexus. This report examines us...