Islamic art is unique because its form and function permeate both distance and time. Since the birth of Islam, Muslim artists around the world have created pieces of art that share an uncanny resemblance to pieces created by other Muslim artists through common themes, appearances, and applications. These similarities include calligraphic elements, exaggerated depictions of plants and animals, a...

The Qur’an does not mention a lot of alcohol, but pedagogically it explains its gradual ban in a convenient way by pointing out that alcohol is not used in a “good” benefit. Say, “My Lord has only forbidden immoralities what is apparent of them and what is concealed and sin, and oppression without right, and that you associate with Allah that for which He has not sent down authority, and that y...

For any connected undirected graph G, let (G) be the graph invariant introduced by Colin de Verdi ere. In this paper we study the behaviour of (G) under clique sums of graphs. In particular, we give a forbidden minor characterization of those clique sums G of G 1 and G 2 for which (G) = maxf(G 1); (G 2)g.

Among the rare materials of Department Manuscripts National Library France (Bibliotheque nationale de France. Departement des Manuscrits. Supplement turc 515) there is a small chronicle anonymous author dating back to era Crimean Khanate. The manuscript provided with description: “The history khans from 880 1191 Hegira (1475–1777), without title and name author. epigraph read on front side firs...

This article discusses Arabic expressions referring to God, such as inshallah, mashallah, and alhamdulillah in the 2014 season of Arab version talent show The Voice. It question what extent these are used by various actors show, particular its four jury members three presenters, it tries explain why they use them purpose. analysis is set against background relationship between ‘language’ (in th...

the belief in allah and having the inclination towards him is of the innate human disposition; and human beings have throughout the history sought to know their god and many have undeservingly applied the quest to false gods whom they have worshiped. in order to know allah, some people liken him to human beings or other creatures and even they attribute a body to him; yet others establish absol...