Lignocellulosic materials have been identified as potential carbon–neutral sources of sustainable power production. Catalytic conversion of lignocellulosic biomass results in liquid fuels with a variety of aromatic molecules. This paper investigates the combustion characteristics and exhaust emissions of a series of alkylbenzenes, of varying number of methyl branches on the monocyclic aromatic ...

A chloropropyl-functionalized silica (CP-silica) hybrid monolithic column was synthesized within the confines of a capillary via the sol-gel process using tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) and (3-chloropropyl)-trimethoxysilane (CPTMS) as the precursors. The resulting CP-silica hybrid monolith inside the capillary showed homogeneous macroporous morphology and was well attached to the inner wall of the c...

Flash pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(Py-GC/MS) was used to study the structural transformations of humic fractions formed as a result of composting processes of diverse organic materials (solid wastes of wineries, solid olive-mill wastes, domestic wastes, ovine manures plus straw, and mixtures of animal manures). Sodium hydroxide-extracted total humic-like extracts (THE; humic p...

The oxidation of aromatic substrates to phenols with H2O2 as a benign oxidant remains an ongoing challenge in synthetic chemistry. Herein, we successfully achieved catalyze C−H bond oxidations using series biologically inspired manganese catalysts fluorinated alcohol solvents. While introduction bulky substituents into the ligand structure catalyst favors alkylbenzenes, occurs at benzylic posit...

Four pure cultures of denitrifying bacteria, which had previously been isolated on defined alkylbenzenes, were capable of anaerobic growth with crude oil as the only source of organic substrates. Chemical analyses after growth revealed that the known growth substrates toluene, ethylbenzene, and m-xylene were selectively consumed from the oil. o-Xylene and p-xylene, which as pure compounds did n...