BACKGROUND This observational study was designed to investigate plasma levels of albuterol enantiomers among patients with acute severe asthma or COPD presenting to the emergency department, and the relationship with extra-pulmonary cardiac effects (QTc interval) and lung function. Recent reviews have raised concerns about the safety of using large doses of β2-agonists, especially in patients w...

STUDY OBJECTIVES Despite the widespread use of short-acting, inhaled beta(2)-agonists in acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPDs), little is known about their optimal dose. The aims of this study are to compare the bronchodilator response to incremental doses of inhaled albuterol during and after recovery from an AECOPD, and to compare the effects of regular nebulized albuterol, 2.5 mg and 5 mg, o...

70. Truitt T, Witko J, Halpern M. Levalbuterol compared to racemic albuterol: efficacy and outcomes in patients hospitalized with COPD or asthma. Chest 2003;123:128–135. 71. Skoner DP, Greos LS, Kim LT, Roach JM, Parsey M, Baumgartner RA. Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of levalbuterol in 2–5-year-old patients with asthma. Pediatr Pulmonol 2005;40:477–486. 72. Nelson HS, Bensch G, Pleskow...

Acute inhalations of beta 2-adrenergic receptor agonists increase mucociliary clearance (MCC). Less is known about the effect of long-term inhalations of these agents on MCC, or cough clearance (CC). We hypothesized that chronic inhalations of nebulized levalbuterol, the R-isomer of albuterol, would enhance MCC and/or CC in healthy subjects, compared to albuterol or placebo. This was a randomiz...

Indacaterol is a novel once daily inhaled beta(2) adrenoceptor agonist in clinical development. This study compared the properties of indacaterol with salmeterol, formoterol, and albuterol on small airways in precision-cut lung slices from human and rat contracted with carbachol and serotonin, respectively. In human lung slices, the rank order of potency was formoterol >/= salmeterol > indacate...

OBJECTIVE To describe the design features, utilization, and outcomes of a protocol treating children with status asthmaticus with continuous albuterol in the inpatient setting. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of children ages 2 to 18 treated in the non-intensive care, inpatient setting on a standardized treatment protocol for status asthmaticus from July 2011 to June 2013...

Tavana S1, Nadi E1, Ansari M2, zeraati F3, Hashemi H1, Mani Kashani Kh4, Mavallat M5 1. Assistant professor, Department of internal, Faculty of medicine, Hamedan University of medical sciences 2. Associate professor, Department of internal, Faculty of medicine, Hamedan University of medical sciences 3. Associate professor, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of medicine, Hamedan Univers...

OBJECTIVE To determine if nebulized epinephrine is more efficacious than nebulized albuterol in the emergency department (ED) treatment of moderately ill infants with bronchiolitis. METHODS Sixty-six patients between 0 and 12 months of age with new-onset wheezing, an antecedent upper respiratory tract infection, and a clinical score (Respiratory Distress Assessment Instrument) of 8 to 15 were...

BACKGROUND In mechanically ventilated patients with COPD, the response of the expiratory resistance of the respiratory system (expiratory R(RS)) to bronchodilators is virtually unknown. OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of inhaled albuterol on expiratory R(RS), and the correlation of albuterol-induced changes in expiratory R(RS) with end-inspiratory resistance and the expiratory flow-volume rel...

Objective. To evaluate the effects of albuterol use in young infants admitted with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis with regards to length of time on supplemental oxygen and length of stay (LOS). To consider the possibility that albuterol use may increase the need for supplemental oxygen and increase LOS. Design, Setting, and Participants. Full-term infants between the ages of 11...