in order to evaluate the effect of freezing stress on electrolyte leakage of three mooseers’ (allium altissimum regel.) ecotypes (shirvan, kalat and tandoureh), a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications was carried out under the controlled conditions in the faculty of agricultural, ferdowsi university of mashhad, iran, during 2009. plants were grown in...

Brine freezing was applied to two small pelagic underutilised fish species (mackerel, Scomber scombrus; horse mackerel Trachurus trachurus). Rancidity development was studied during their frozen (-18oC) storage up to 9 months and quality change results were compared to common freezing conditions (control treatment). Fish samples treated under brine freezing conditions showed a higher lipid oxid...

background: in the past few decades, indoor air pollution (iap) has become a primary concern to the point. it is increasingly believed to be of equal or greater importance to human health compared to ambient air. however, due to the lack of comprehensive indices for the integrated assessment of indoor air quality (iaq), we aimed to develop a novel, fuzzy-based indoor air quality index (fiaqi) t...

Introduction Using the Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS) (see Fig.1) on board Spirit and Opportunity rovers on MER mission, we were able to measure the argon density variation in the martian atmosphere as a function of seasonal changes. Due mainly to the variation of the temperature as a function of season on martian poles, the air mass on Mars is constantly moving from North pole to Sou...

The refractive index of freezing brine is important in order to, for example, estimate oceanic scattering as sea ice develops. Previously, no simple continuous expression was available for estimating the refractive index of brine at subzero temperatures. I show that extrapolation of the empirical formula for the refractive index of seawater by Quan and Fry [Appl. Opt.34, 3477 (1995)APOPAI0003-6...

purpose of this study is analysis of spatial auto-correlation of freezing changes of iran over the last half century. daily temperature data over the period 1340 - 1383 of esfezari database provided by doctor masoodian (to enhance the temporal resolution of the database, daily observations of temperature from 1383 to the end of 1390 using the same method and the same spatial resolution is added...

Research on methane and carbon dioxide emissions mainly focuses industrial emissions, cultivated land, wetlands, while few studies have studied freezing-related emissions. This paper presents field experiments conducted during soil freezing to measure concentrations in the air, near surface, soil. In addition, influence of precipitation, snowfall, air temperature, depth gas was analyzed. We obs...

Partitioning of volatile chemicals among the gas, liquid, and solid phases during freezing of liquid water in clouds can impact trace chemical distributions in the troposphere and in precipitation. We describe here a numerical model of this partitioning during the freezing of a supercooled liquid drop. Our model includes the time-dependent calculation of the coupled processes of crystallization...

background and aims: air pollution is one of the health problems worldwide. previous epidemiological studies have investigated the impacts of air pollution on respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. the aim of this study was to determine the associations between air pollution levels and different health indicators among world countries. methods: this ecological study was performed in 2013 by u...