We use a flux transport model to simulate the evolution of the Sun’s total and open magnetic flux over the last 26 solar cycles (1713–1996). Polar field reversals are maintained by varying the meridional flow speed between 11 and 20 m s , with the poleward-directed surface flow being slower during low-amplitude cycles. If the strengths of the active regions are fixed but their numbers are taken...

This survey article focuses on the object and scope of Zen Studies, and on trends visible since 1989. It argues that scholarship about Chan, Zen, Chan, Seon, and Thiên should be more closely integrated with Buddhist Studies, and that the boundaries of this field need to be expanded. Critical and epistemologically aware scholarship only emerged in the 1990s. Hence, scholars need to make a concer...

We discuss recent developments in the field of primality testing since the appearance [10] of our joint paper On primes recognizable in deterministic polynomial time.

• The Perfect introduces a time interval: the “perfect time span” (PTS). • The Right Boundary (RB) of the PTS is set by Tense. • The Left Boundary (LB) of the PTS may be set by “perfect adverbials”. • The lower predicate (event) is predicated of the PTS, either directly or mediated by various devices, most notably operators associated with the Perfective or Imperfective. • When the predicate ha...

We propose an autonomous, deterministic scan-BIST architecture that allows compact, precomputed test sets with complete fault coverage to be used for field testing. The use of such short test sequences is desirable in safety-critical systems since it reduces the error latency. It also reduces testing time and therefore allows periodic field testing to be carried out with low system downtime. We...

It is important to perform research the degree that it adequate identify features of terrain composition, before, during, and after building facilities since predicting behaviour rock mass during tunnel construction a complicated engineering challenge. Engineering works in laboratories field are different scope methodology testing. In this paper, established interdependencies some basic paramet...

It is widely acknowledged in the HCI community that much can be gained from bringing aspects from the field into the lab, and this principle is dominating within usability groups in Danish Industry. This paper describes three such Danish usability groups and their experiments with turning the tables by using aspects from the lab in the methods applied in the field during field work projects. Th...

Article is made available in accordance with the publisher's policy and may be subject to US copyright law. Please refer to the publisher's site for terms of use. The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. We derive accurate semianalytic formulas for the power spectra from two-field inflation assuming an arbitrary poten...

This article defines the origin of an internet-centered language assessment (ICLA), how ICLAs are different from the other traditional computer-oriented tests, and what uses and functions ICLAs have in different taxonomies of language testing. After a very short review of computer- oriented testing, ICLAs are defined and categorized in low-tech or high tech categories. Since low-tech tests are ...