A fundamental tenet of the "disconnectivity" theories of schizophrenia is that the disorder is ultimately caused by abnormal communication between spatially disparate brain structures. Given that the white matter fasciculi represent the primary infrastructure for long distance communication in the brain, abnormalities in these fiber bundles have been implicated in the etiology of schizophrenia....

After more than 100 years of research, the neuropathology of schizophrenia remains unknown and this is despite the fact that both Kraepelin (1919/1971: Kraepelin, E., 1919/1971. Dementia praecox. Churchill Livingston Inc., New York) and Bleuler (1911/1950: Bleuler, E., 1911/1950. Dementia praecox or the group of schizophrenias. International Universities Press, New York), who first described 'd...

The Dandy-Walker variant is a milder form of the Complex (DWC) with less severe radiological abnormalities. We describe 13-year old girl limited intellectual capacity who presented clinical features schizophrenia, and was diagnosed during organic screening for first episode psychosis.

Neuropsychological impairment and abnormalities in brain structure are commonly observed in psychotic disorders, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Shared deficits in neuropsychological functioning and abnormalities in brain structure suggest overlapping neuropathology between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder which has important implications for psychiatric nosology, treatment, and...

OBJECTIVE Schizophrenia and/or antipsychotic drug use are associated with metabolic abnormalities; however, knowledge regarding metabolic status and physician's monitoring of metabolic status at first schizophrenia diagnosis is sparse. We assessed the prevalence of monitoring for metabolic blood abnormalities and characterized the metabolic profiles in people with a first-time schizophrenia dia...

Action selection requires a policy that maps states of the world to distribution over actions. The amount memory needed specify (the complexity) increases with state-dependence policy. If there is capacity limit for complexity, then will also be trade-off between reward and since some need sacrificed in order satisfy constraint. This paper empirically characterizes complexity both schizophrenia...

In the early twentieth century, when Kraepelin first described ‘dementia praecox’ which eventually evolved into the concept of schizophrenia, he proposed that dementia praecox was probably an unknown organic brain disease. However, in contrast to the case of Alzheimer’s disease and Huntington’s disease, subsequent pathological studies of the brain failed to establish the neuropathology of schiz...

Prior diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies examining schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) and schizophrenia, separately have shown that compared with healthy controls (HCs), patients show frontotemporal white matter (WM) abnormalities. This is the first DTI study to directly compare WM tract coherence with tractography and fractional anisotropy (FA) across the schizophrenia spectrum in a la...

Schizophrenia is a serious and disabling mental disorder that affects approximately 1% of the general population, with often devastating effects on the psychological and financial resources of the patient, family, and larger community. The etiology of schizophrenia is not known, although it likely involves several interacting biological and environmental factors that predispose an individual to...

Structural abnormalities in the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) are well-documented in schizophrenia and recent evidence suggests that these abnormalities relate to functional outcome. Cognitive control mechanisms, reliant on the LPFC, are impaired in schizophrenia and predict functional outcome, thus impaired cognitive control could mediate the relationship between neuroanatomical abnormaliti...