Dengue 2 and 4 viruses obtained from dengue-infected patients were maintained in a C6/36 Aedes albopictus Skuse cell line and used to infect adult female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Each serotype was mixed separately with fresh human erythrocytes and fed to adult female mosquitoes using an artificial membrane feeding technique. Fully engorged mosquitoes were selected and retained at 26 degrees C,...

Repellent properties of three plant extracts--essential oil (steam distillate) of Zanthoxylum limonella (fruits), Citrus aurantifolia (leaf) and petroleum ether extract of Z. limonella (fruits) were evaluated as repellent against Aedes (S.) albopictus mosquitoes in mustard (Dhara) and coconut (Parachute) oil base under laboratory conditions. Three concentrations--10, 20 and 30% of the repellent...

Chikungunya virus is now recognised as a resurging arbovirus of global public health significance, with their circulation in both new and old world. It is horizontally transmitted among vertebrates by Aedes mosquitoes. So far, the existence of vertical transmission of Chikungunya virus in Aedes vector is riddled with conflicting reports. In this study, presence of Chikungunya virus was detected...

Individuals in families of Aedes (Stegomyia) mosquitoes reared from females collected at Kloof, KwaZulu-Natal, were identified as Aedes demeilloni or Aedes segermanae or were indeterminate because tarsal claw morphology, the distinguishing character, varied. Similarly, Aedes (Stegomyia) simpsoni and Aedes (Stegomyia) bromeliae reared from ovitraps exposed at Ndumu, northern KwaZulu-Natal, showe...

background: there are several plant extractions which are being used for mosquito control. the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of olea vera, linum usitatissimum and piper nigera against anopheles stephensi and aedes aegypti under laboratory conditions. methods: these tests were carried out using who recommended bioassay method for adult mosquitoes. results: the extracts from blac...

Phylogenetic evidence suggests that endemic and epidemic dengue viruses (DENV), transmitted among humans by the anthropophilic mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus, emerged when ancestral, sylvatic DENV transmitted among nonhuman primates by sylvatic Aedes mosquitoes adapted to these peridomestic vectors. We tested this hypothesis by retrospectively examining evidence for adaptation of e...

Many arboviral proteins are phosphorylated in infected mammalian cells, but it is unknown if the same phosphorylation events occur when insects are similarly infected. One of the mammalian kinases responsible for phosphorylation, protein kinase G (PKG), has been implicated in the behavior of multiple nonvector insects, but is unstudied in mosquitoes. PKG from Aedes aegypti was cloned, and phosp...

In mosquitoes, spirochetes were first detected in 1907, when Jaffé reported a spirochete in Culex sp. and named it Spirochaeta culicis (Arch. Protistenkd. 9: 100-107.). Spirochetes were also detected in Anopheles funestus and A. maculipennis (Sinton J.A., Shute P.G. 1939: J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 42: 125-126) and in the salivary glands of Anopheles gambiae (Masseguin A., Palinacci A. 1954: Bull. Soc....

background: mosquito-borne diseases are a major public health threat in iran. the objective of this study was to de­ter­mine the fauna of culicinae mosquitoes for future mosquito control programs. methods: three genera and eleven species of the subfamily culicinae (diptera: culicidae) were collected by dipping tech­nique and identified in chabahar county, sistan and baluchistan province, southe...

La Crosse virus (LACV), a leading cause of arboviral encephalitis in children in the United States, is emerging in Appalachia. For local arboviral surveillance, mosquitoes were tested. LACV RNA was detected and isolated from Aedes japonicus mosquitoes. These invasive mosquitoes may significantly affect LACV range expansion and dynamics.