background: androgenic-anabolic steroids (aas) are abused by a growing number of bodybuilders. this descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to determine prevalence and patterns of aas use by bodybuilders in hamadan, western iran. methods: in this cross-sectional study, participants were recruited from five gym clubs in two area of hamadan (a total of 10 clubs). twenty-five bodybuilders ...

background the use of dietary supplements is very common in sport gyms worldwide. however, their use in exercisers in lebanese gyms has never been investigated. conclusions these results indicate a lack of awareness among people who exercise regularly on the benefits and side-effects of dietary supplements. there is an urgent need for the implementation of campaigns that target gym users in leb...

background maternal passive smoking or exposure to environmental tobacco smoke may be a risk factor for maternal and newborn morbidity. objectives the current study aimed to assess the relationship between preterm delivery and tobacco smoke exposure in pregnant woman referring to the shabih-khani maternity hospital in kashan, iran. patients and methods an analytical retrospective cohort study w...

objective: sexual dysfunction in patients who take antipsychotics causes adecline in their quality of life and medication acceptance. considering the restrictions in cross sectional design of many earlier researches, we used a clinical trial aimed at assessing sexual dysfunction by substituting risperidone, an atypical antipsychotic drug, with haloperidol, a typical one . method: this clinical ...

mri workers are occupationally exposed to static and time-varying gradient magnetic fields.  while the 24-hour time-averaged exposure to static magnetic fields is about a few mt, the maximum static field strength can be as high as 500 mt during patient set up. over the past several years, our lab has performed extensive experiments on the health effects of exposure of animal models and humans t...

background : health professionals face the adverse health effects of climate change and air pollution in their practices. this review underscores the effects of these environmental factors on maternal and children’s health, as the most vulnerable groups to climate change and air pollution. methods : we reviewed electronic databases for a search of the literature to find relevant studies publish...

Background: Scabies is one of the health care problems in our community and is an endemic problem at any time. Its current therapy in Iran is lindane 1% lotion, which is deleted from market in many countries because of multiple side effects and better alternatives. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and side effects of lindane in patients with scabies and to replace lindane with...

Cadmium (Cd), a by-product of zinc production, is one of the most toxic elements to which man can be exposed at work or in the environment. Once absorbed, Cd is efficiently retained in the human body, in which it accumulates throughout life. Cd is primarily toxic to the kidney, especially to the proximal tubular cells, the main site of accumulation. Cd can also cause bone demineralization, eith...

INTRODUCTION Some people living in the environs of industrial wind turbines (IWTs) report experiencing adverse health and socioeconomic effects. This review considers the hypothesis that annoyance from audible IWTs is the cause of these adverse health effects. METHODS We searched PubMed and Google Scholar for articles published since 2000 that included the terms "wind turbine health," "wind t...

Copyright © 2014 Massachusetts Medical Society. In light of the rapidly shifting landscape regarding the legalization of marijuana for medical and recreational purposes, patients may be more likely to ask physicians about its potential adverse and beneficial effects on health. The popular notion seems to be that marijuana is a harmless pleasure, access to which should not be regulated or consid...