in past, the relationship between traditional learning theories and neurophysiological theories wasn’t a close relationship. recently, new findings in neurological sciences showed relatively simple neuron mechanisms for somewhat complicated learning events, for example observational learning, one of which is mirror neurons. these neurons show that how the brain registers the activity observed a...

abstract background and purpose: aging is associated with brain changes and reduction in motor skill acquisi­tion that can limit its functional capacity. one of the effective interventions is using transcranial direct current stimulation (tdcs). the aim of this systematic review was to assess the effect of tdcs on learning and motor skill in healthy older adults. materials and methods: a litera...

conclusions nursing students did not experience effective clinical learning. having expert instructors and supportive communication are important factors in creating a clinical learning environment. background clinical training is an integral part of nursing education; however, some studies have shown that it is not always efficient. objectives this study aimed to find out the factors that can ...

In both humans and songbirds, infants learn vocalizations by imitating the sounds of adult tutors with whom they interact during an early sensitive period. Vocal learning occurs in few animal taxa; similarities in the imitation process between humans and songbirds make the songbird a unique system in which vocal learning mechanisms can be studied at the neurobiological level. One theory of voca...

a r t i c l e i n f o The present study tested the applicability of expectancy-value theory to adults' learning motivation. Motivation was measured as the anticipated reaction (AR) of German students (N = 300) to receiving their instructions in English as a new learning opportunity. We used structural equation modeling to test our hypotheses. Expectancies of success and values from school predi...

There is an instinctive drive among all humans to make meaning of their daily lives. Because there are no enduring truths, and change is continuous, we cannot always be assured of what we know or believe. It therefore becomes imperative in adulthood that we develop a more critical worldview as we seek ways to better understand our world. This involves learning “how to negotiate and act upon our...