Phaeochromocytomas (PHEOs) and paragangliomas (PGLs) are catecholamine-secreting tumors, that arise from chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla and extra-adrenal sites. Extra-adrenal phaeochromocytomas are called paragangliomas (Landers et al., 2005). The Prevalence of these tumors is 1:4500 and 1:1700 and an annual incidence of 3-8 cases per 1 million per year in the general population. PHEOs...

Extrarenal renin has been identified in a number of tissues, including the brain, the submaxillary gland, uterus, ovary, vascular endothelium, testes, pituitary gland, and the adrenal cortex. In some tissues, including the adrenal cortex, all of the components of the renin-angiotensin system have been identified; however, no specific physiologic role has been clearly demonstrated for these extr...

Adrenal gland pseudocysts are not common conditions, and most of them are nonfunctional and asymptomatic. However, large pseudocysts may causes abdominal discomfort and have compressive effects on adjacent organs. They may rupture spontaneously or after trauma, and lead to retroperitoneal hemorrhage and surgical emergency. Herein, we report a case of 21-year-old female who presented with acute ...

conclusions whenever a cushingoid appearance is accompanied by adrenal insufficiency, the exogenous use of steroids, especially topical creams, should be explored. hypertension may persist even after cessation of use and may result in life threatening complications. case presentation the present report describes the cases of three children and a 25-year-old man who presented with clinical featu...

Aims: The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the significance of the endothelin system in catecholamine release and synthesis in the adrenal gland. Main Methods: Primary cultures of isolated bovine adrenal medullary cells were prepared. Gene expression, intracellular calcium changes, epinephrine release, and other factors were investigated. Key findings: Expression of endothelin recep...

abstract adrenal gland cysts are rare indications of adrenal diseases, which are commonly asymptomatic. in radiological studies, these cysts, known as incidentalomas, are often detected by coincidence accounting for 6% of the population. adrenal incidentalomas are commonly detected, and autonomous cortisol hypersecretion is the most prevalent abnormality associated with these masses. since this...

adrenal gland pseudocysts are not common conditions, and most of them are nonfunctional and asymptomatic. however, large pseudocysts may causes abdominal discomfort and have compressive effects on adjacent organs. they may rupture spontaneously or after trauma, and lead to retroperitoneal hemorrhage and surgical emergency. herein, we report a case of 21-year-old female who presented with acute ...

results all variables reached a peak at 1 minute post-jump. salivary alpha-amylase, galvanic skin responses and heart rate did not return to basal value at 90 minutes post-jump, while cortisol returned to basal value at 90 minutes post-jump. conclusions this evidence indicates that parachute jumping is accompanied by a dissociation of sns and hpa response patterns in novice parachutists, showin...

ninety six pairs of adrenal glands from lori – bakhtiari sheep and goat, aged 6 month to 1 year and 1 – 1.5 year from borujen abattoir were collected. after collecting the glands and weighting them, some parameters such as: length, wide and thickness of left and right side by caliper device were measured. in histological studies, after tissue preparation and staining with h&e;, cortical zones a...