Does having an environmental, social, and governance (ESG) policy have impact on stakeholders? This research presents a unique model that allows us to measure the economic value of adopting ESG for financial institutions’ stakeholders. Using results questionnaire distributed among institution employees customers, we find that, average, are willing forgo 11% their salary work company has adopted...

This paper builds a two-country (North, South), two-sector (polluting, nonpolluting) trade model with directed technical change, examining whether unilateral environmental policies can ensure sustainable growth. The polluting good is produced with a clean and a dirty input. A temporary Northern policy combining clean research subsidies and a trade tax can ensure sustainable growth but Northern ...

What’s the role of unilateral measures in global climate change mitigation in a post-Durban, post 2012 global policy regime? We argue that under conditions of preference heterogeneity, unilateral emissions mitigation at a subnational level may exist even when a nation is unwilling to commit to emission cuts. As the fraction of individuals unilaterally cutting emissions in a global strongly conn...

this paper explains offset and develops a strategic approach for the implementation of offset-policy for a buyer country. offset emerges when a country cannot afford to pay cash for non-essential imports, and cannot get cash for many of its products. offset arrangements are most frequently found in the defense-related sector. however, recently, it refers to a range of industrial and commercial ...

A growing number of studies have paid attention to the dynamic nature vertical government interactions in authoritarian China. Yet, less has been question why higher-level governments play different roles diverse cases innovation adoptions. Building on extant literature, this study introduces concept copyright, that is, perceived ownership innovation, explain involvement adoption. comparative c...