Investors use different approaches to select optimal portfolio. so, Optimal investment choices according to return can be interpreted in different models. The traditional approach to allocate portfolio selection called a mean - variance explains. Another approach is Markov chain. Markov chain is a random process without memory. This means that the conditional probability distribution of the nex...

Portfolio theory assumes that investors accept risk. This means thatin the equal rate of return on the two assets, the assets were chosenthat have a lower risk level. Modern portfolio theory is accepted byinvestors who believe that they are not cope with the market. Sothey keep many different types of securities in order to access theoptimum efficiency rate that is close to the rate of return o...

return maximization or risk minimization is goal in portfolio optimization based on mean variance theory. the structure of correlation matrices and individual variance of each asset are two main factors in optimization with risk minimization object. it’s necessary to use appropriate variance and correlation coefficient for time series with clustering volatilities feature, too. in this research,...

this research analyze the resource and structure of cross-autocorrelation in returns and volatility of stocks that listed in the tehran stock exchange during the period farvardin 1382–eisfand 1386, with employing the garch model. at the first, the results show that, in down(bear) market, return on high trading volume portfolio lead return on low trading volume portfolio, when controlled for fir...

capital assets pricing model is used as a tool for the estimation of investments in capital markets with the relation of expected return and risk on securities. this study examines the applicability of capm on pakistan stock markets and karachi stock exchange being the main capital market of pakistan is taken for the study. the analysis is done by taking a sample of 10 performing companies of 1...

The performance of country exchange-traded funds and closed-end funds is investigated over the 2002 to 2011 period. Operating characteristics (i.e., expense ratios and portfolio turnover) and investment results (i.e., return, risk, and risk-adjusted return) are studied for investment funds with at least ten years of data. We find that although exchange-traded funds have significantly lower expe...

information asymmetry in stock market can increase the risk of investment which in turn increases the capital cost of firms. bhattacharya (1979) proposed a hypothesis that states dividend can act as a powerful signal in order to solve information asymmetry problem. we measured information asymmetry by lack of earnings transparency. therefore we examine the effect of earnings transparency on cap...

criteria in household portfolio. to do this, the data which are related to the asset price are used including: bank deposit, bonds, stock, exchange, coin, land and housing in time period of 1997 to 2011. in this research, portfolio var id calculated in the confidence level of 90%, 95%, and 99% and in time periods of one year and 14 years. after calculating returns, return standard deviation, co...

We consider online learning of ensembles of portfolio selection algorithms and aim to regularize risk by encouraging diversification with respect to a predefined risk-driven grouping of stocks. Our procedure uses online convex optimization to control capital allocation to underlying investment algorithms while encouraging non-sparsity over the given grouping. We prove a logarithmic regret for t...