30 Schizophrenia is characterized by pathophysiological alterations of multiple neurotransmitter 31 systems such as dopaminergic, glutamatergic, GABA-ergic and serotonergic pathways. 32 Adenosine, a homeostatic neuromodulator that mediates signaling through multiple 33 neurotransmitter pathways, is an emerging candidate neurobiological substrate of 34 schizophrenia. The present study examined p...

A previously cloned partial adenosine deaminase cDNA insert (0.8 kilobase) was used to clone additional nucleotide sequences from human HPB ALL cDNA libraries. cDNA encompassing the entire coding, and 3'-untranslated regions as well as nearly all of the 5'-untranslated region was obtained. The complete amino acid sequence of the enzyme deduced from the cDNA sequence and protein sequencing consi...

Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-specific adenosine deaminase converts adenosine to inosine in dsRNA. The protein has been purified from calf thymus, and here we describe the cloning of cDNAs encoding both the human and rat proteins as well as a partial bovine clone. The human and rat clones are very similar at the amino acid level except at their N termini and contain three dsRNA binding motifs, a ...

Adenosine deaminase deficiency accounts for approximately 15-20% of severe combined immunodeficiency in humans. The gene for adenosine deaminase is located on chromosome 20q12-q13.11 and codes for an aminohydrolase that catalyzes the deamination of adenosine and deoxyadenosine to inosine and deoxyinosine, respectively. Absence of the enzyme causes a build-up of the substrates in addition to exc...

Human adenosine deaminase (EC 3.5.4.4), a key purine salvage enzyme essential for immune competence, has been overproduced in Spodoptera frugiperda cells and in Trichoplusia ni (cabbage looper) larvae infected with recombinant baculovirus. The coding sequence of human adenosine deaminase was recombined into a baculovirus immediately downstream from the strong polyhedrin gene promoter. Approxima...

This study examined the hypothesis that increases in myocardial blood flow during exercise are mediated by adenosine-induced coronary vasodilation. Active hyperemia associated with graded treadmill exercise and coronary reactive hyperemia were examined in chronically instrumented awake dogs during control conditions, after intracoronary infusion of adenosine deaminase (5 units/kg/min for 10 min...

adenosine deaminase estimation in the diagnosis of tuberculous ascites. Reply SIR,-We acknowledge the pertinent points raised by Lingenfelser and Marks. When our paper was submitted we thought that the role of ascitic adenosine deaminase in the diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis'2 needed further investigation. Subsequent evaluations of ascitic adenosine deaminase in tuberculous peri-tonitis3'...

An assay of adenosine deaminase activity in pleural effusions is described. For the continuous determination of adenosine deaminase, the liberated ammonia is estimated by coupling the liberated NH3 with 2-oxoglutarate. The reaction is followed by the decrease of NADH absorbance at 340 nm. The assay was optimized for a Hitachi 705 analyser, with respect to pH, adenosine concentration and glutama...

Glutaraldehyde-fixed membranes from rabbit kidney cortex were used to characterize binding of monomeric adenosine deaminase to the adenosine deaminase complexing protein. With the use of bovine adenosine deaminase it was shown that enzyme binding is a saturable, high affinity process. The K value for binding of the bovine enzyme was 11 nM. Maximum enzyme binding and rate of binding to a constan...

OBJECTIVES The relationship between adenosine deaminase and various cancers has been investigated in several studies. However, serum adenosine deaminase activity and carbonic anhydrase and catalase activities in patients with bladder cancer have not previously been reported. Therefore, the aim of this study was to measure serum adenosine deaminase, carbonic anhydrase and catalase activities in ...