Valaciclovir, the L-valyl ester of acyclovir (ZOVIRAX), demonstrated good oral absorption and nearly complete conversion to acyclovir in cynomolgus monkeys, indicating its suitability as an orally administered prodrug. The major urinary metabolites of [8-14C]valaciclovir, administered orally (10 and 25 mg/kg) or intravenously (10 mg/kg) to male monkeys, were acyclovir (46%-59% of urinary radioa...

Abstract: Background: Acyclovir is a potent antiviral agent primarily used to treat viral infection in the eye, signified as Herpes Simplex Keratitis caused by Virus-1. But its applications are limited because of poor oral bioavailability and permeability significant first-pass metabolism. Objectives: The study design formulation, optimization, in-vitro, ex-vivo in-vivo characterization solid l...

The topical efficacies of foscarnet and acyclovir incorporated into a polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene polymer were evaluated and compared to that of 5% acyclovir ointment (Zovirax) by use of a murine model of cutaneous herpes simplex virus type 1 infection. All three treatments given three times daily for 4 days and initiated 24 h after infection prevented the development of the zosteriform ra...

Oral acyclovir was evaluated for its effectiveness in treating guinea pigs with primary herpes simplex virus type 2 infections. Guinea pigs inoculated intravaginally with acyclovir-susceptible strains (for which 50% inhibitory concentrations of acyclovir in cell culture were found to be in the range of 0.15 to 1.2 micrograms/ml) and treated with 5.0 mg of acyclovir per ml in the drinking water ...

Patients due for cataract extraction received 5 doses of 400 mg acyclovir (Zovirax) orally during the 24 hours prior to surgery. Aqueous humour levels of acyclovir (mean 3.26 microM) were well above the normal ED50 range for herpes simplex virus type 1, and showed a significant correlation with plasma concentrations (mean 8.74 microM). There was also a correlation between the age of the patient...

this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of administering oral acyclovir in conjunction with topical acyclovir and steroids in the treatment of necrotizing herpetic keratouveitis. all patients with necrotizing herpetic keratouveits who have been consulted during 1996-1997 at the farbi eye hospital were studied . the patients were randomly assigned to two groups. in the first group, topi...

OBJECTIVES Acute retinal necrosis is a rapidly progressive and devastating viral retinitis caused by the herpesvirus family. Systemic acyclovir is the treatment of choice; however, the progression of retinal lesions ceases approximately 2 days after treatment initiation. An intravitreal injection of acyclovir may be used an adjuvant therapy during the first 2 days of treatment when systemically...

The suppressive action of acyclovir and inosine pranobex was compared in a randomised double blind controlled trial in patients with frequently recurring genital herpes. Fourteen patients received acyclovir and 17 inosine pranobex. Treatment continued for 12 weeks. The time to the first recurrence was significantly longer and the frequency of recurrences significantly less in the recipients of ...

Cytomegalovirus disease is an important cause of morbidity following liver transplantation. To date there has not been an effective prophylaxis for CMV disease after liver transplantation. One hundred forty-three patients were randomized to receive either high dose oral acyclovir (800 mg 4 times a day) alone for 3 months after transplantation (acyclovir group) or intravenous ganciclovir (5 mg/k...

BACKGROUND There are 3 new topical treatments for herpes labialis that have either been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (penciclovir cream [Denavir] and n-docosanol cream [Abreva]) or recently undergone extensive clinical evaluation (acyclovir cream). The relative efficacy of these products is unknown. OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of penciclovir cream, acyclovir cream, n-...