The rapid increase of photovoltaic (PV) penetration in active distribution networks (ADN) is posing great challenges to traditional voltage control schemes. A two-stage strategy ADN proposed by the authors based on alternating direction method multipliers (ADMM) with refined power hydrogen (P2H) model, considering multiple types PV forms such as residential cluster (RPVC) and small-scale statio...

in this paper, simultaneous placement of distributed generation, capacitor bank and protective devices are utilized to improve the efficiency of the distribution network. the objectives of the problem are reduction of active and reactive power losses, improvement of voltage profile and reliability indices and increasing distribution companies’ profit. the combination of firefly algorithm, parti...

Abstract With the massive distributed photovoltaic resources and multi-load connected to distribution network, network loss energy consumption have become two of most important issues. To solve this problem, an conservation reduction optimization strategy for active (ADN) considering voltage (CVR) is proposed. First, probability density output prediction error fitted by Gaussian mixture model (...

The investigation of real-time dynamic behavior evaluation in the active distribution networks (ADNs) is a challenging task, and it has great importance due to emerging trend distributed generations, electric vehicles, flexible loads integration. advent new elements influences increases assessment complexity. However, proper implementation low-cost phasor measurement units (PMUs) together with ...

A rapid and selective efflux of 75 to 80% of the intramitochondrial adenine nucleotides (AdN) has been obtained by incubation with 5 mm Mgff and 10 mM inorganic phosphate in the presence of 1 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetate, with little or no decrease in the P:O ratio, active respiratory state, or size of the pyridine nucleotide pool. The initial rate of AdN efflux is 5 nmoles per mg of protein ...

A rapid and selective efflux of 75 to 80% of the intramitochondrial adenine nucleotides (AdN) has been obtained by incubation with 5 mm Mgff and 10 mM inorganic phosphate in the presence of 1 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetate, with little or no decrease in the P:O ratio, active respiratory state, or size of the pyridine nucleotide pool. The initial rate of AdN efflux is 5 nmoles per mg of protein ...

Multiple nodes (such as distributed generation (DG), electric vehicles (EV), energy storage (ES), flexible loads (FL), etc.) are connected to the active distribution network (ADN), which changes its original operational mode. According bidirectional current and low-voltage transmission mode, this study proposed a multi voltage electricity flat loop network, AC/DC (Alternating Current/ Direct Cu...

Abstract In Active Distribution Network (ADN), T-connection transmission lines are formed when Distributed Generations (DGs) connected to rather than buses. the line with DG, pilot current differential protection loses selectivity due change of fault caused by T-type connection DG. Differential increases as much injected DG an external occurs, which results in maloperation. The impedance using ...

The active distribution network (ADN) shows great potential for use in restoration services, given its ability to actively control the topology, distributed generation (DG) outputs, and demand response (DR) resources. However, utility may be limited due geographical dispersion of DG DR resources when applied natural disasters such as windstorms, earthquakes, floods. In addition, increasing rene...