Although activity that induced tumor regression was observed and termed tumor necrosis factor (TNF) as early as the 1960s, the true identity of TNF was not clear until 1984, when Aggarwal and coworkers reported, for the first time, the isolation of 2 cytotoxic factors: one, derived from macrophages (molecular mass 17 kDa), was named TNF, and the second, derived from lymphocytes (20 kDa), was na...

Skin lesions are associated with Crohns disease (CD) in 22– 44% of patients. Metastatic Crohn's disease (MCD) is defined as granulomatous skin lesions occurring at sites separate from the gastrointestinal tract, mainly in the lower extremities and intertriginous areas.1 Genital MCD has been frequently described as refractory and usually begins as a non-healing ulcer, but can be shown as a papul...

RATIONALE The fundamental pathogenesis of Behçet disease (BD) is still unclear and controversial. Many cases of oral aphthous ulcers and genital ulcers related to BD are reported; nevertheless, idiopathic giant esophageal ulcers related to BD are rare. A rare case for esophageal ulcers related to BD is presented. PATIENT CONCERNS In China, BD is represented with esophageal involvement which i...

HLA-B27 is a Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I molecule whose predominant function is the presentation of short 8-10 amino acid long peptides to cytotoxic CD8+T cells. HLA-B27 exhibits a strong association with a group of inflammatory arthritic diseases referred to as the spondyloarthropathies (SpAs) [1]. The SpAs are characterized by inflammation at the entheses, followed by skele...

BACKGROUND: Crohns disease is an incurable progressive condition of the gastrointestinal tract in which up to 90% patients undergo one or more surgical interventions during their lifetime. Despite active development and implementation new techniques for treatment disease, incidence postoperative complications remains high, i.e., 25%30%. Until now, influence various factors on outcomes choice di...

I. Steenholdt C, Enevold C, Ainsworth MA, Brynskov J, Thomsen OO, Bendtzen K. Genetic polymorphisms of tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily 1b and fas ligand are associated with clinical efficacy and/or acute severe infusion reactions to infliximab in Crohn's disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2012;36:650-659. II. Steenholdt C, Brynskov J, Thomsen OØ, Munck LK, Fallingborg J, Christensen L...