Psilocybin, an indoleamine hallucinogen, produces a psychosis-like syndrome in humans that resembles first episodes of schizophrenia. In healthy human volunteers, the psychotomimetic effects of psilocybin were blocked dose-dependently by the serotonin-2A antagonist ketanserin or the atypical antipsychotic risperidone, but were increased by the dopamine antagonist and typical antipsychotic halop...

Current antipsychotic drugs primarily target dopamine D2 receptors (D2Rs), in conjunction with other receptors such as those for serotonin. However, these drugs have serious side effects such as extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) and diabetes. Identifying a specific D2R signaling pathway that could be targeted for antipsychotic effects, without inducing EPS, would be a significant improvement in the...

Spatial working memory or short-term place memory is impaired in schizophrenia. The efficiency of antipsychotic drugs, particularly of typical antipsychotics, on cognitive deficit in schizophrenia remains disputable. Inhibition of serotonin (5-HT) 2A/2C receptors is important for cognitive improvement in schizophrenic patients treated with antipsychotics. The aim of the present work was to esta...

A role for dopamine (DA) release in the hallucinations and other positive symptoms associated with schizophrenia has long been inferred from the antipsychotic response to D2 DA receptor antagonists and because the DA releaser amphetamine can be psychotogenic. Recent studies suggest that patients with schizophrenia, including those never exposed to antipsychotic drugs, maintain high presynaptic ...

539 books, and those outside the field who need to look up terms related to medicine. While the scientific terms are not described at such a basic level to suggest a lay audience, there is a wide range of medically related issues referenced. This volume certainly has its own unique niche among reference books, but it is not, and cannot substitute for, a traditional dictionary. The field of schi...

Several brain abnormalities have been claimed in schizophrenia, but the pathophysiology of the disorder remains unclear. Of the many reported findings, two lines of research data have emerged as particularly consistent, involving pathology of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and dysregulation of the dopamine system. Abnormal dorsolateral prefrontal cortical function has been implicated in a numbe...

Dopamine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter involved in the pathology of schizophrenia. The revised dopamine hypothesis states that dopamine abnormalities in the mesolimbic and prefrontal brain regions exist in schizophrenia. However, recent research has indicated that glutamate, GABA, acetylcholine, and serotonin alterations are also involved in the pathology of schizophrenia. This review provi...

Several dopamine agonists, administered i.m., produced persistent, excessive and non-localized scratching in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus). Studies were conducted with a series of drugs to determine the pharmacological mechanisms responsible for this effect. All of the dopamine D2 agonists studied produced dose-related increases in scratching, whereas several dopamine D1 receptor agonists...

dae larvae and has been known as a traditional medicine in China. Many studies have shown that CS possesses anti-fatigue, antitumor, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, hypoglycemic, and vasorelaxant activities. Since a relationship between depression and fatigue has been well established, we determined to evaluate its antidepressive effect using the tail suspension test (TST) that, in parallel with...