Inhibition of the critical enzyme acetylcholinesterase (E.C. 3.1.1.7) with subsequent cholinergic crisis is the mechanism of acute toxicity of the organophosphorus insecticides (B. E. Mileson et al., 1998, Toxicol. Sci.41, 8-20). Consequently, measurement of acetylcholinesterase activity is important for evaluating the mammalian toxicity of this commonly used class of insecticides. While mammal...

We have recently reported that acetylcholinesterase expression was induced during apoptosis in various cell types. In the current study we provide evidence to suggest that the induction of acetylcholinesterase expression during apoptosis is regulated by the mobilization of intracellular Ca(2+). During apoptosis, treatment of HeLa and MDA-MB-435s cells with the calcium ionophore A23187 resulted ...

the effect of annona squamosa, lawsonia inermis and their combination with other herbal molluscicides were studied on different enzyme activity in the nervous tissue of lymnaea acuminata. twenty-four hour in vivo exposure to 40% and 80% of 24 h lc50 of plant derived molluscicides and their combination with other molluscicides such as cedrus deodara, azadirachta indica oil, allium sativum, polia...

BACKGROUND The diaphragm is resistant to competitive neuromuscular blocking agents. Because of the competitive mechanism of action of tubocurarine, the rate of hydrolysis of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction may modulate its neuromuscular blocking effect. The authors compared the neuromuscular blocking effect of tubocurarine on isolated diaphragm and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) mu...

In vivo and in vitro sublethal exposure of abrin, glycyrrhizin (active component of Abrus precatorius seed and root), sanguinarine, protopine (Argemone mexicana seed) and oleandrin (Nerium indicum leaf) inhibited the acetylcholinesterase, lactic dehydrogenase, acid and alkaline phosphatase activity in the nervous tissue of Lymnaea acuminata. The succinic dehydrogenase activity in the nervous ti...

We previously reported that acetylcholinesterase plays a critical role in apoptosis and its expression is regulated by Ca(2+) mobilization. In the present study, we show that activated calpain, a cytosolic calcium-activated cysteine protease, and calcineurin, a calcium-dependent protein phosphatase, regulate acetylcholinesterase expression during A23187-induced apoptosis. The calpain inhibitor,...

Garcinia atroviridis (Clusiaceae) has been used as a postpartum medication agent in folkloric medicine. However, its biological potential has not been fully evaluated. The present study was aimed to evaluate the antioxidant efficacies, cholinesterase enzyme inhibitory and antimicrobial activity of the stem bark extracts of G. atroviridis. Successive extraction was done using solvents of varied ...

Corticobasal syndrome, progressive supranuclear palsy and frontotemporal dementia are all part of a disease spectrum that includes common cognitive impairment and movement disorders. The aim of this study was to characterize brain cholinergic deficits in these disorders. We measured brain acetylcholinesterase activity by [11C] N-methylpiperidin-4-yl acetate and positron emission tomography in s...

The ability of Caenorhabditis elegans to recover from exposure to high doses of aldicarb and fenamiphos was examined at the organismal and biochemical levels by determination of movement and acetylcholinesterase activity. Nematodes recovered rapidly from a 24-hour exposure to both compounds at concentrations that caused complete paralysis. Acetylcholinesterase regained nearly full activity afte...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate whether plasma serotonin levels or acetylcholinesterase activities determined upon intensive care unit admission could predict the occurrence of acute brain dysfunction in intensive care unit patients. METHODS A prospective cohort study was conducted with a sample of 77 non-consecutive patients observed between May 2009 and September 2010. De...