background: fenugreek (trigonella foenum - graecum l.) is an annual medicinal plant belongs to the legume family and has anti-diabetic, anti-fertility, anticancer, anti-microbial, anti-parasitic and hypocholesterolaemic effects. objective: evaluation of growth and trigonelline /mucilage content in fenugreek under application of plant growth regulators (pgr). methods: the experiment was conducte...

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a biocompatible, transparent hydrogel with physical strength that makes it promising as a material for an artificial cornea. In our previous study, type I collagen was immobilized onto PVA (PVA-COL) as a possible artificial cornea scaffold that can sustain a functional corneal epithelium. The cellular adhesiveness of PVA in vitro was improved by collagen immobilizatio...

Highly selective cellulose acetate (CA)/poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/titanium dioxide (TiO2) imprinted membranes were synthesized by phase inversion and dip coating technique. The CA blend imprinted membrane was synthesized by phase inversion technique with CA as membrane matrix, polyethyleneimine (PEI) as the functional polymer, and the salicylic acid (SA) as the template molecule. The CA/PVA/Ti...

objective: this study aimed to assess the destructive effects of citric acid, lactic acid and acetic acid produced from the fermentation of foods on primary teeth enamel.   methods: this in vitro, experimental study was conducted on 24 sound primary teeth. the teeth were polished with a fine abrasive paper under running water. tooth pieces measuring 3 × 4 × 3mm were cut out of the teeth and sto...

Direct laser writing has been utilized to fabricate highly photostable fluorescent nanocluster microstructures in an organic polymer poly(methacrylic acid), where the carboxyl functional group is reported to play a vital role in nanocluster stabilization. In this Letter, we demonstrate that not only the polymer containing the carboxyl functional group, but also the polymer comprising the hydrox...

Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) fibers have been extensively studied for various applications. In this work, PLLA and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) were prepared by coelectrospinning to form composite nonwoven materials. The structures and diameter distribution of the electrospun PLLA/PVA composite nonwovens were examined by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electronic microscope (SEM). The wet...

Cultures of adipose tissue explants are a valuable tool for studying the intracellular mechanisms involving hormones and nutrients. However, testing how fatty acids affect cells requires a carrier molecule; bovine serum albumin (BSA) has been used for this purpose. However, contaminants can alter the cellular response. Our objectives were to: 1) test BSA as a fatty acid carrier and 2) evaluate ...

  Objective: This study aimed to assess the destructive effects of citric acid, lactic acid and acetic acid produced from the fermentation of foods on primary teeth enamel.   Methods: This in vitro, experimental study was conducted on 24 sound primary teeth. The teeth were polished with a fine abrasive paper under running water. Tooth pieces measuring 3 × 4 × 3mm were cut out of the teeth and s...

Introduction: Otorrhea and granulation tissue in Canal Wall Down mastoidectomy (CWD) is the common problem in cholesteatoma removal and leads to many discomfort for both the patient and the physician. The main objective in CWD is creating the dry cavity, so the topical antibiotic and acetic acid in variable saturations are used for this purpose. In this study we evaluate the effectiveness of to...

This work deals with kinetics and chemical equilibrium studies of esterification reaction of ethanol with acetic acid.  The esterification reaction was catalyzed by an acidic ion exchange resin (Amberlyst-15) using a batch stirred tank reactor. The pseudo-homogenous and Eley-Rideal models were successfully fitted with experimental data. At first, Eley-Rideal model was examined for heterogeneous...