BACKGROUND AND AIMS Selective pressures exerted by agriculture on populations of arable weeds foster the evolution of adaptive traits. Germination and emergence dynamics and herbicide resistance are key adaptive traits. Herbicide resistance alleles can have pleiotropic effects on a weed's life cycle. This study investigated the pleiotropic effects of three acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase)...

ACCase (EC 6.4.1.2) is one of the key regulatory enzymes in fatty acid biosynthesis catalyzing the formation of malonyl-COA from acetyl-COA and bicarbonate in an ATPdependent reaction providing the substrate for fatty acid synthesis. ACCase from plants is proposed to be a dimer consisting of identical subunits of larger than 200 kD (Egli et al., 1993; Gomicki and Haselkom, 1993). To date the se...

One independent and two overlapping rape cDNA clones have been isolated from a rape embryo library. We have shown that they encode a 2.3 kb and a 2.5 kb stretch of the full-length acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) cDNA, corresponding to the biotin-binding and transcarboxylase domains respectively. Using the cDNA in Northern-blot analysis we have shown that the mRNA for ACCase has a higher level o...

BACKGROUND Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibiting herbicides are important products for the post-emergence control of grass weed species in small grain cereal crops. However, the appearance of resistance to ACCase herbicides over time has resulted in limited options for effective weed control of key species such as Lolium spp. In this study, we have used an integrated biological and molecul...

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase I (ACCase I) in developing oilseed rape embryos is predominantly cystosolic, based upon measurement of its propionyl-CoA carboxylase activity. Reduction of ACCase I by antisense expression reduces seed lipid content and affects carbohydrate metabolism.

Spain is the second highest rice-producing country in European Union, with approximately 105,000 ha used to grow this crop. The major regions are Andalusia, Extremadura, Catalonia, and Valencia, followed by Aragon Navarre. main soil texture throughout Spanish rice areas silty clay loam, alkaline soils (pH > 7.5)—except Extremadura area = 5.5–6)—and a low organic matter content. Water quality...

Fatty acid synthesis in chloroplasts is regulated by light. The synthesis of malonyl-CoA, which is catalyzed by acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) and is the first committed step, is modulated by lightydark. Plants have ACCase in plastids and the cytosol. To determine the possible involvement of a redox cascade in lightydark modulation of ACCase, the effect of DTT, a known reductant of S-S bonds, ...

An entire gene encoding wheat (var. Hard Red Winter Tam 107) acetyl-CoA carboxylase [ACCase; acetyl-CoA:carbon-dioxide ligase (ADP-forming), EC 6.4.1.2] has been cloned and sequenced. Comparison of the 12-kb genomic sequence with the 7.4-kb cDNA sequence reported previously revealed 29 introns. Within the coding region, the exon sequence is 98% identical to the known wheat cDNA sequence. A seco...