Escherichia coli is the most common organism associated with asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) in humans. In contrast to uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) that cause symptomatic urinary tract infection, very little is known about the mechanisms by which these strains colonize the urinary tract. Here, we have investigated the biofilm-forming capacity on abiotic surfaces of groups of ABU strains and UPEC...

BACKGROUND Considerable variation in the prevalence of childhood asthma and its symptoms (wheezing) has been observed in previous studies and there is evidence that the prevalence has been increasing over time. METHODS We have systematically reviewed the reported prevalence and time trends of wheezing symptoms among children, worldwide and within the same country over time. All studies compri...

SUMMARY An ultrafast DNA sequence aligner (Isaac Genome Alignment Software) that takes advantage of high-memory hardware (>48 GB) and variant caller (Isaac Variant Caller) have been developed. We demonstrate that our combined pipeline (Isaac) is four to five times faster than BWA + GATK on equivalent hardware, with comparable accuracy as measured by trio conflict rates and sensitivity. We furth...

BACKGROUND Instruments for field diagnosis of eczema are increasingly used, and it is essential to understand specific limitations to make best use of their strengths. Our objective was to assess the validity of ISAAC and UK Working Party criteria for field diagnosis of eczema in children. METHODS We performed a cohort study in urban Brazil. Parents/guardians of 1,419 children answered ISAAC ...

the prevalence of asthma remains difficult to determine with precision with no absolute or gold standard for diagnosis. international study of asthma and allergies in childhood (isaac) developed video questionnaire for epidemiological studies with less reliance on understanding written asthma questionnaire. the aim of this research was to determine the agreement between the isaac written and vi...

The endoplasmic reticulum stress response, also known as the unfolded protein response (UPR), has been implicated in the normal physiology of immune defense and in several disorders, including diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative disease. Here, we show that the apoptotic receptor CED-1 and a network of PQN/ABU proteins involved in a noncanonical UPR response are required for proper defense t...

1.—Composite Materials and Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA. 2.—Department of Computer Science and Engineering, New York University Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA. 3.—Engineering Division, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. 4.—Dep...

A high degree of diversity noted in the Neolithic mandibles from Abu Hureyra provided the opportunity to address the problem of the meaning and origin of variability in the population. Mandible morphology is approached bearing in mind cranio-facial interactions. Two morphological patterns were identified in the Abu Hureyra mandible sample. e ABU morph represents the majority, while the ABO mor...

In this note we prove, by using straightforward arguments, a stronger version of a well-known capacity result proved by Abu-Mostafa and St. Jacques. Our results states that no Hoppeld memory can have a \capacity" (in Abu-Mostafa and St. Jacques's sense) exceeding 1, thereby showing the inadequacy of their capacity notion.