Disruption of the quiescent state of blood vessels in the retina leads to aberrant vasopermeability and angiogenesis, the major causes of vision loss in diabetic retinopathy. Prolactin is expressed throughout the retina, where it is proteolytically cleaved to vasoinhibins, a family of peptides (including the 16-kDa fragment of prolactin) with potent antiangiogenic, vasoconstrictive, and antivas...

PURPOSE To describe the clinical evolution of cases with avulsed retinal vessels without retinal detachment treated with laser or scleral buckle. METHODS Retrospective analysis of cases with avulsed retinal vessels treated between 2001-2003. Laser photocoagulation or scleral buckle was used. The minimum follow-up was 6 months. Average age was 53.6 years. RESULTS Of 13 patients, 8 were photo...

an 18-year-old girl fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for the proteus syndrome (ps). here we report our findings in comprehensive general physical and ocular examination and review the literature focused on clinical manifestations and differential diagnoses. the patient had ‘mild’ involvement of the ophthalmic apparatus: absent foveal reflex, cataract, and abnormal retinal vessels, which in the...

The analysis of retinal blood vessels plays an important role in detecting and treating retinal diseases. In this review, we present an automated method to segment blood vessels of fundus retinal image. The proposed method could be used to support a non-intrusive diagnosis in modern ophthalmology for early detection of retinal diseases, treatment evaluation or clinical study. This study combine...

Ibudilast (3-isobutyryl-2-isopropylpyrazolo[1,5-alpha]pyridine) is clinically used as a cerebral vasodilator in Japan. However, the effects of ibudilast on retinal blood vessels have not been fully examined. The aim of this study, therefore, was to examine the effects of ibudilast on retinal blood vessels in rats in vivo. Male Wistar rats (8 to 10 weeks old) were anesthetized with thiobutabarbi...

Assessment of retinal vessel is an important factor for the many medical disorders. The retinal vessel analysis can be done by first extracting the retinal images from the background. The changes in the retinal vessels due to the pathologies can be easily identified by segmenting the retinal vessels. In this paper we describe the automatic methods for retinal vessel segmentation. Segmentation o...

PURPOSE Disruption of the normally antiangiogenic environment of the retina leads to aberrant angiogenesis, the major cause of vision loss throughout the world. Prolactin (PRL), the hormone originally associated with milk production, can be proteolytically processed to 16K-PRL, a 16 kDa N-terminal PRL fragment with potent antiangiogenic and vasoconstrictive actions. This study was conducted to ...

In this paper presents , segmentation of blood vessels in retinal images based on neural network (NN) scheme of gray-level and moment invariants-based features. In the past, rural based methods are used segment the blood vessels. It has more complexity and less accuracy of blood vessels detection in retinal images. This paper proves better performance in terms of blood vessel detection in stare...

W e thank Wong et al. (1) for their interest in our study (2) in which we showed that retinal vessels in diabetic patients with increasing stages of diabetic retinopathy experience a continuously decreasing response to flickering light. We believe that the issue raised by Wong et al. is very important. The study by Nguyen et al. (3) showed that arteriolar and venular calibers are structurally l...

in this paper, a novel matched filter based on a new kernel function with cauchy distribution is introduced to improve the accuracy ofthe automatic retinal vessel detection compared with other available matched filter‑based methods, most notably, the methods builton gaussian distribution function. several experiments are conducted to pick the best values of the parameters for the new designedfi...