northern khorasan province is located in north-east iran. according to demarton coefficient, it is a semiarid region. arid and semi-arid or subhumid zones are characterized by temperature variations, low and erratic rainfall, periodic droughts and different associations of vegetative cover and soils. this article looks at current dry lands and general guidelines for finding the best area for dr...

Converting rangelands to arable land such as dry farming is widely practiced in many places in Iran. This activity could possibly contribute to the increase in downstream sedimentation. The effects of this activity on downstream watersheds are not well documented for many strategic areas in the country. One such area which is proposed for this study is the Kardeh drainage basin, located in the ...

For an optimum use of natural resources in the sustainable development trend, there is a need to identify ecological resources in the shortest period of time and minimum possible cost. In this article, we aimed Management ecosystem by Assessment of plant covers changes at Taleghan Township in a twenty year period. Percentage of landscape and number of patch were among the metrics that were calc...

For an optimum use of natural resources in the sustainable development trend, there is a need to identify ecological resources in the shortest period of time and minimum possible cost. In this article, we aimed Management ecosystem by Assessment of plant covers changes at Taleghan Township in a twenty year period. Percentage of landscape and number of patch were among the metrics that were calc...

Basil belongs to the Lamiaceae family, is one of the most important aromatic and medicinal plants, which it widely cultivated in many countries. The areal parts, especially leaves of sweet basil are widely used to enhance the flavor of foods such as salads, pasta, tomato products, vegetables, pizza, meat, soups, marine foods, confectioneries and other products. This study was conducted to inves...

For an optimum use of natural resources in the sustainable development trend, there is a need to identify ecological resources in the shortest period of time and minimum possible cost. In this article, we aimed Management ecosystem by Assessment of plant covers changes at Taleghan Township in a twenty year period. Percentage of landscape and number of patch were among the metrics that were calc...

to study the effect of different fertilizing systems on macro and micro nutrients uptake by annual medic (medicago scutellata cv. robinson) an experiment was conducted under dry farming and irrigated conditions at two research stations (sararood dryland agricultural research institute and soil fertility research station in mahidasht) during 2009 growing season. the experimental treatments consi...

How did modern and centralized fiscal institutions emerge? We develop a model that explains (i) why pre-industrial states relied on private individuals to collect taxes; (ii) why after 1600 both England and France moved from competitive methods for collecting revenues to allocating the right to collect taxes to a small group of financiers—an intermediate institution that we call cabal tax farmi...