SDZ PSC 833 (PSC 833), a P-glycoprotein-targeted multidrug resistance modulator, sensitizes cancer cells to chemotherapy. Here we show that PSC 833 also potentiates the formation of ceramide. Because ceramide is a second messenger in chemotherapy-induced apoptosis, knowledge of the lipid pathways influenced by PSC 833 is of relevance. In intact MDA-MB 468 breast cancer cells, ceramide generatio...

in the present study resistance of some elite lines of wheat at seedling stage were evaluated in cereal rusts greenhouse at seed and plant improvement institute in karaj and at adult plant stage in ahvaz under artificial inoculation with an isolate of leaf rust from ahvaz. for seedling resistance, different components of resistance were measured. the results showed that lines m-85-1, m-86-1 and...

PSC 833, a nonimmunosuppressive cyclosporin, is able to inhibit the efflux of antitumor drugs mediated by P-glycoprotein (P-gp). The purpose of the present study is to compare the effect of PSC 833 on the tumor disposition of [3H]vincristine ([3H]VCR) and [3H]vinblastine ([3H]VBL) in in vitro and in vivo experiments from a pharmacokinetic point of view. In in vitro experiments, the effect of PS...

INTRODUCTION Discovery of hormones and endocrine phenomena: Experimental work in endocrinology is an excellent example for the reductionist view of biology. This view point, which is currently in fashion, asserts that the laws of physics and chemistry are sufficient to understand and to ‘explain’ biological phenomena. While this statement will not be discussed any further, it cannot be helped s...

In 2011, Big Bend National Park, Texas, USA, experienced the most severe single year drought in its recorded history, resulting in significant plant mortality. We used this event to test how perennial plant response to drought varied across elevation, plant growth form and leaf traits. In October 2010 and October 2011, we measured plant cover by species at six evenly-spaced elevations ranging f...

where H1 is the 1-dimensional Hausdorff measure in Rn, c(x, y, z) is the inverse of the radius of the circumcircle of the triangle (x, y, z), that is, following the terminology of [6], the Menger curvature of the triple (x, y, z). A Borel set E ⊂ Rn is said to be “purely unrectifiable” if for any Lipschitz function γ : R → Rn, H1(E ∩ γ(R)) = 0 whereas it is said to be rectifiable if there exist...