Free-radical polymerization inside mesoporous silica has been investigated in order to open a route to functional polymer-silica composite materials with well-defined mesoporosity. Various vinyl monomers, such as styrene, chloromethyl styrene, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, and methacrylic acid, were polymerized after impregnation into mesoporous silicas with various structures, which were synthe...

Metabolic activation is considered to be a critical step for styrene-induced pulmonary toxicity. Styrene-7,8-oxide is a primary oxidative metabolite generated by vinyl epoxidation of styrene. In addition, urinary 4-vinylphenol (4-VP), a phenolic metabolite formed by aromatic hydroxylation, has been detected in workers and experimental animals after exposure to styrene. In the present study, new...

The results of the analysis of blood and urine samples for styrene and its metabolites in 491 workers in a styrene polymerisation plant in the United States are reported. The levels of exposure to styrene were estimated to be less than 10 ppm, but nevertheless styrene and metabolites were detectable in more than 50% of workers in polymerisation jobs, within 4 h of exposure. Workers involved in ...

Naphthalene dioxygenase (NDO) from Pseudomonas sp. strain NCIB 9816-4 adds both atoms of the dioxygen molecule to styrene to form (R)-l-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol. Product formation is tightly coupled to dioxygen consumption and NADH oxidation. NDO oxidizes styrene-d8 at almost the same initial rate as styrene. The results indicate that dioxygen activation by NDO is different from that by cytochrome...

Highly selective C(sp²)-C(sp²) cross-coupling of dihalogenated hydrocarbons comprising C(sp²)-Br and C(sp³)-Cl bonds with arylboronic acids is reported. This highly selective coupling reaction of the C(sp²)-Br bond is successfully achieved using Pd(OAc)₂ and PCy₃·HBF₄ as the palladium source and ligand, respectively. A series of chloromethyl-1,1'-biphenyl compounds are obtained in moderate-to-e...

The (R)- and (S)-optical isomers of 9 epoxides, benzyloxymethyloxirane, epichlorohydrin, glycidol, glycidyl 3-nitrobenzenesulfonate, glycidyl 4-nitrobenzoate, glycidyl tosylate, styrene oxide, glycidyl 1-naphthyl ether and glycidyl 4-nitrophenyl ether, have been compared for their in vivo and in vitro genotoxicity. The in vitro short-term test employed was the Ames mutagenicity assay with Salmo...