Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects the nonrenal clearance of drugs by modulating the functional expression of hepatic drug– metabolizing enzymes and transporters. The impact of CKD on oxidative and conjugative metabolism has been extensively studied. However, its effect on hepatic drug reduction, an important phase I drug–metabolism pathway, has not been investigated. We aimed to assess the e...

Shi-Lin Zhu,1,2 C. M. Maekawa,1 B. R. Holstein,3 and M. J. Ramsey-Musolf 1,2,4 1Kellogg Radiation Laboratory 106-38, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125 2Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269 3Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003 4Theory Group, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facil...

BACKGROUND Use of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) outside guideline recommendations is common. We audited use of NIV in our tertiary care critical care unit (CCU) to evaluate appropriateness of use and patient outcomes when used outside level I recommendations. MATERIALS AND METHODS Prospective observational study of all patients requiring NIV. Clinical parameters and arterial blood gases were ...

In several studies, hormones such as gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), prostaglandins and oxytocin were used to increase pregnancy rate by inducing ovulation and improving the sperm transport in the female reproductive tract in lactating dairy cattle. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of GnRH, prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) and oxytocin treatments at the time of artificial ...

101 THIS TWO-PART FEATURE BEGAN with a discussion of why unconventional left-turn alternatives hold promise for the relief of congested urban and suburban arterials. Part One, which was printed in the September 1998 issue of ITE Journal on pages 26–29, also described three unconventional alternatives—the median U-turn, the bowtie and the superstreet. This part discusses four more alternatives.

High-resolution mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics is a powerful method for the identification of soluble protein complexes and large-scale affinity purification screens can decode entire protein interaction networks. In contrast, protein complexes residing on chromatin have been much more challenging, because they are difficult to purify and often of very low abundance. However, this is c...

Background: Postexercise muscle glycogen synthesis is an important factor in determining the time needed to recover from prolonged exercise. Objective: This study investigated whether an increase in carbohydrate intake, ingestion of a mixture of protein hydrolysate and amino acids in combination with carbohydrate, or both results in higher postexercise muscle glycogen synthesis rates than does ...