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Cancer is a leading cause of death in the United States and other developed countries, spiking in incidence in the 20 century. Along with other explanations, the hygiene hypothesis should be considered. The hygiene hypothesis posits that the rise in autoimmune and atopic diseases in the twentieth century arises from the decrease in exposure to microbial environmental factors that co-evolved wit...

The isotopic composition of U in nature is generally assumed to be invariant. Here, we report variations of the U/U isotope ratio in natural samples (basalts, granites, seawater, corals, black shales, suboxic sediments, ferromanganese crusts/ nodules and BIFs) of 1.3‰, exceeding by far the analytical precision of our method ( 0.06‰, 2SD). U isotopes were analyzed with MC-ICP-MS using a mixed U–...

TREE-MAKER was designed as a tool for generating and rendering realistic images of trees. Each tree is created from a tree template that specifies simple branching rules and leaf definitions. Many different types of trees may be created by varying the parameters of the template. The flexibility provided by this approach makes it suitable for users who are not familiar with programming technique...

Storage proteins in cotyledons of legume plants are degraded by proteinases after germination. We examined whether abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA) and brassinosteroid (BR) are involved in the expression of cysteine proteinases in cotyledons of common bean seeds with RNA blotting using cDNAs for five papain-like proteinases, EP-C1, CP1, CP2, CP3, CP4 and two legumain-like proteinases, LLP1...