Consider a corridor which connects a continuum of residential locations to the CBD (central business district) and which is subject to flow congestion. All (identical) individuals travel along the corridor from home to work in the morning rush hour and have the same work start time. Each individual decides when to depart from home so as to minimize the sum of travel time costs, time early costs...

large scale land use/cover changes and habitat fragmentation is a major factor in the distribution and functioning of ecosystems. for analysis the relationship between land use changes and their impacts on biodiversity, land cover and land use information is needed at different scales. the main goal of this study was to quantify the land use/ cover changes in arasbaran biosphere reserve, northw...

We demonstrate a band-pass resonator in the terahertz (THz) range, based on a frequency-selective designer reflector. The resonator consists of a parallel-plate waveguide, a designed groove pattern cut into the output facet of each plate, and a reflecting mirror. The patterned facet supports a spoof surface plasmon mode, which modifies the reflectivity at the waveguide output facet by interacti...

Birds of conservation concern breed in suburban greenways, yet abundant populations of mammals that depredate bird nests might reduce nest success. We evaluated how three factors influenced the abundance of mammalian nest predators in thirty-four 300-m long forested greenway segments in Raleigh and Cary, North Carolina, USA: (1) the width of the forested corridor containing the greenway, (2) th...

Land-use mapping is critical for global change research. In Central Arizona, U.S.A., the spatial distribution of land use is important for sustainable land management decisions. The objective of this study was to create a land-use map that serves as a model for the city of Maricopa, an expanding urban region in the Sun Corridor of Arizona. We use object-based image analysis to map six land-use ...

Australia is embarking on an ambitious scheme described as a terrestrial version of the Great Barrier Reef, to establish a wildlife corridor along its 2,800-kilometre east coast to help protect the country's remarkable wildlife from potential climate change. The project aims to re-establish a network of habitats from the Australian Alps in the southern state of Victoria to the Atherton tablelan...

In order to develop foreign trade relations with the ASEAN countries in recent years, China has begun construction of a new international land-sea corridor as part implementation China-Singapore (Chongqing) Demonstration Initiative on strategic interconnectedness. The transit goods from central and western provinces countries, relying logistics center Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle, will pas...

Agriculture began in the eastern Mediterranean Levantine Corridor about 11000 years ago toward the end of the Younger Dryas when aridity had diminished wild food resources. During the subsequent Climatic Optimum, agricultural villages spread rapidly but subsequent climatic changes on centennial to millennial scales resulted in striking oscillations in settlement, especially in marginal areas. N...

In Friedmann, Hansen, and Zwick (2011) we claimed that the expected number of pivoting steps performed by the Random-Facet algorithm of Kalai and of Matoušek, Sharir, and Welzl is equal to the expected number of pivoting steps performed by Random-Facet∗, a variant of Random-Facet that bases its random decisions on one random permutation. We then obtained a lower bound on the expected number of ...