OBJECTIVE Sulfur mustard is a well-known blistering chemical warfare agent that has been investigated for its toxicological mechanisms and an efficacious antidote. Since sulfur mustard injury involves dermal:epidermal separation, proteolytic enzymes were suspected to be involved for this separation and eventual blister development. Therefore, protease inhibitors could be of therapeutic utility ...

The decontamination and remediation of sulfur mustard chemical warfare agents remains an ongoing challenge. Herein, we report the use of "off-the-shelf" metal salts alongside commercially available peroxides to catalyze the degradation of the simulant 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) in solution and encapsulated within a supramolecular gel.

in the present study, tenorite (cuo) nanoparticles have been assayed for their catalytic properties. the decontamination reaction of chloro ethyl ethyl sulfide (cees) as an surrogate of sulfur mustard simulant have been accomplished on the surface of cuo nps with different weight ratios at ambient temperature and monitored by gas chromatography equipped with flame ionization detector (gc-fid) a...

catalytic and photocatalytic reactions of (2-chloroethyl) phenyl sulfide (2-ceps), a mimic of bis (2-chloroethyl)  sulfide (i.e. sulfur mustard) were studied on the surfaces of titanium oxide. tio2 nanoparticles (anatase, rutile and mixture of 80% anatase/20% rutile) along with bulk tio2 were tested as reactive sorbents for reaction of 2-ceps at room temperature (25±0.5°c). reactions were monit...

T. VAN OIJEN*, M. A. VAN LEEUWE, E. GRANUM, F. J. WEISSING, R. G. J. BELLERBY, W. W. C. GIESKES AND H. J. W. DE BAAR 1 DEPARTMENT OF MARINE BIOLOGY, CEES, UNIVERSITY OF GRONINGEN, PO BOX 14, 9750 AA HAREN, THE NETHERLANDS, DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL AND PLANT SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD, SHEFFIELD S10 2TN, UK, THEORETICAL BIOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF GRONINGEN, PO BOX 14, 9750 AA HAREN, THE NETHERLAN...

This study examines whether health inequalities exist between lone and cohabiting mothers across Europe, and how these may differ by welfare regime. Data from the European Social Survey were used to compare self-rated general health, limiting long-standing illness and depressive feelings by means of a multi-level logistic regression. The 27 countries included in the analyses are classified into...

HIGHLIGHTS Since the geopolitical developments of 1989, former centrally planned economies of Eastern Europe followed distinctively different pathways in national pharmaceutical expenditure evolution as compared to their free market Western European counterparts.Long term spending on pharmaceuticals expressed as percentage of total health expenditure was falling in free market economies as of 1...

The Occlusion Dose Monitor was first made by Allistair Fielder and Merrick Moseley in the early ninetees (Fielder et al., 1995) and miniaturized, following a suggestion by Paul van der Maas, the initiator of the RAMSES birth-cohort study on vision sceening (Groenewoud et al., 2010), by Cees Romijn and other electrotechnicians at the Academical Medical Center in Amsterdam in 1996 and 1997 (Simon...

Changes in the market conditions for fruit and vegetables have induced Dutch co-operative auctions to restructure their sales and marketing activities. Nine auctions merged into VTN and established the marketing organisation The Greenery International BV. VTN/The Greenery have encountered many problems in their first years of operation. Part of these problems can be explained by the lack of org...