introduction: today sport is one of the important social criterion and athletes are trying to be a champion. therefore, there is an increase in misuse of doping agents especially anabolic-androgenic steroid. this study was carried out to determine the prevalence of the doping agents' abuse among male bodybuilders' and to access their knowledge about their side effects in kermanshah gymnasiums i...

BACKGROUND Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) abuse by the athletes has dramatically increased during the recent decades. These substances might increase the skin lipids and enhance the cutaneous microbial proliferation. OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to investigate the potential side effects of AAS on the bacterial microflora colonization of the bodybuilders` skin. PATIENTS AND METHODS...

a bstract background: the improved physical action following administration of supplements to bodybuilders was supported by changes in laboratory parameters. despite the fact that these supplements are sometimes associated both advantage and side effects, this study were conducted for the purpose of evaluating the possible effects of some commonly used supplements in bodybuilders on the hematol...

the aim of this study was to compare the effects of substitution of upper and lower body exercises during rest intervals on the quantity of upper body performance and lactate with 75% 1rm (repetition maximum). for this purpose, 15 trained bodybuilders (age 20.9±1.9 years, weight 74.8±5.2 kg and aerobic power 35.48±8.6 ml/kg/min) took part in this study voluntarily. all subjects performed four t...

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of androgenic anabolic steroids (AAS) use among bodybuilders in different cities Pakistan. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 380 utilizing convenience sampling from Pakistan, including Karachi, Lahore, Multan, Quetta, Peshawar, Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, and Islamabad. The was conducted over a period 6 months January 2019 to June 2019. sample inc...