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يتناول البحث السياسة التي اتبعها العثمانيون الذين أقاموا إمارتهم ، مع نهاية القرن الثالث عشر،كواحدة من إمارات الحدود ظهرت بالتزامن ضعف وانهيار الدولة السلجوقية ،تجاه الأناضول،والتي بلغت نحو ست عشرة إمارة كانت تحمل صفة الإمارة في عهدي الأميرين عثمان وابنه ارطغرل ثم تحولت إلى دولة عهد السلطان مراد الأول .
 أراد توحيد الأناضول وإخضاعها لسيادتهم ،على الرغم إن اقل الإمارات المذكورة مساحة واقلهن...

This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as doi: 10.1111/eva.12615 This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. DR. KEVIN A GLOVER (Orcid ID : 0000-0...

in order to assess the prevalence of skin diseases in dogs encountered in a first opinion university small animal clinic, 1299 iranian domestic dogs presented from september 2007 through march 2011 to the ferdowsi university of mashhad veterinary teaching hospital, were examined. dermatological disorders were noted in 17.00% (221/1299) of all the dogs examined. pruritus was the most common pres...

Noninvasive imaging modalities are changing the management of cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has matured as a clinical tool, having passed through validation, standardization, and clinical roll-out phases.1–5 CMR now aids the prediction of clinical outcomes with a growing prognostic evidence base, systematically reviewed here with a summary of 32 CMR outcome stu...