Averting deaths may either increase or reduce life disparity, as measured by e†. The sign of the effect depends on the age at which the deaths are averted. We show that there may, depending on the entropy of the life table, be an age such that averting deaths before that age reduces disparity, but averting deaths after that age increases disparity. We say that this age separates “early” from “l...

We investigated the upper limit of horizontal spatial modulation of vertical-size disparity in a textured surface for the perception of depth. In Experiment 1 subjects matched the appearance of a surface with modulated horizontal-size disparity to that of a surface with modulated vertical-size disparity. In Experiment 2 we determined the threshold amplitude of modulation of vertical-size dispar...

Main sequences, the function describing the relationship between eye movement amplitude and velocity, have been used extensively in oculomotor research as an indicator of first-order dynamics yet it is difficult to find main sequence analyses for accommodative vergence or for disparity vergence in isolation when all mitigating factors have been well controlled and there are no studies in which ...

Segmentation of the visual scene into relevant object components is a fundamental process for successfully interacting with our surroundings. Many visual cues, including motion and binocular disparity, support segmentation, yet the mechanisms using these cues are unclear. We used a psychophysical motion discrimination task in which noise dots were displaced in depth to investigate the role of s...

Disparity steps applied to large patterns elicit vergence eye movements at ultrashort latencies. Disparity tuning curves, describing the dependence of the amplitude of the initial vergence responses on the amplitude of the disparity steps, resemble the derivative of a gaussian and indicate that appropriate servo-like behavior occurs only with small disparity steps (<1 degree). Lesion data from ...

Recently, Cass and Van der Burg demonstrated that temporal order judgment (TOJ) precision could be profoundly impaired by the mere presence of dynamic visual clutter elsewhere in the visual field. This study examines whether presenting target and distractor objects in different depth planes might ameliorate this remote temporal camouflage (RTC) effect. TOJ thresholds were measured under static ...

background:the present study compared the differences between survivals of patients with colorectal cancer according to their ethnicity adjusted for other predictors of survival. methods: in this prospective cohort study patients were followed up from definite diagnosis of colorectal cancer to death. totally, 2431 person-year follow-ups were undertaken for 1127 colorectal cancer patients once e...

ing the possible sources of ocular dominance, the LISSOM OD model above was based on inputs that differ in brightness in the two eyes (like the models of Bauer, Brockmann, and Geisel 1997; Riesenhuber, Bauer, Brockmann, and Geisel 1998). Some previous models have shown that OD maps might instead result from retinal disparity, i.e. differences in feature position in each eye (Burger and Lang 199...