We use the abbreviation x1:k for x1, . . . , xk, o1:k for o1, . . . ok, h1:k for h1, . . . , hk. The sequence of DDO times up to observation time tk is denoted τ (1, k) = {ti : hi = 1, i = 1, . . . , k}. Forward functions are defined as αtk(u) = P [o1:k, τ (1, k),h1:k, Xk = u] and backward functions as βtk(u) = P[ok+1:n, τ (k + 1, n),hk+1:n|Xk = u]. The forward function is initialized with αt1(...

An immunoinhibitory role of B7 homologue 1 (B7-H1) expressed by non-T cells has been established; however, the function of B7-H1 expressed by T cells is not clear. Peak expression of B7-H1 on Ag-primed CD8 T cells was observed during the contraction phase of an immune response. Unexpectedly, B7-H1 blockade at this stage reduced the numbers of effector CD8 T cells, suggesting B7-H1 blocking Ab m...

Multiple non-allelic subtypes of histone H1 have been detected in higher organisms. These specific variants with distinct structural features may differ in their ability to condense chromatin and hence modify transcriptional activity. Such functional divergence between H1 subtypes has still not been established definitively, but it cannot be excluded that the role of a particular subtype may de...

The interactions between H1 and H2, the two polypeptides comprising the human asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGP-R), were investigated by immunofluorescence and lateral mobility measurements combined with antibody-mediated cross-linking and immobilization. Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed two ASGP-R populations on the cell surface, one homogeneously distributed and the other in micropatche...

To obtain a contradiction, suppose that there is a cycle; this implies that so that there are q ≥ 2 different governments H1, . . . ,Hq such that φ (Hj) = Hj+1 for all 1 ≤ j < q, and φ (Hq) = H1. Without loss of generality, let H1 be the least competent of these governments. Take H = φ (H2) (if q > 2 then H = H3 and if q = 2 then H = H1). As φ is a political equilibrium, Vi (H) > Vi (H2) holds ...