BACKGROUND Topical anesthetics are commonly applied for a variety of indications. Several lidocaine-containing topical anesthetics are available for purchase over the counter (OTC). Recently, the authors' group has shown that there is great interindividual discrepancy in the manner in which lidocaine is absorbed and metabolized for even a single OTC product. OBJECTIVES The authors compare fiv...

Several proposed peer-to-peer networks use hypercube routing for scalability. In a previous paper, we showed thatconsistency of neighbor tables in hypercube routing guarantees the existence of a path from any source node to any destination node. Consistency, however, can be broken by the fail-ure of one node. To improve the robustness of hypercube rout-ing, we generalize the concept...

Mobile genetic elements, once a curiosity of maize genetics, are now known to be remarkably prevalent in the genomes of organisms ranging from pathogenic bacteria to humans. The varied consequences of these elements include the alteration of gene expression and the spread of drug resistance genes among bacteria. Additionally, many viruses and bacteriophages that covalently integrate their own g...

and digital circuits. The FFT-CCD image sensor consists of a The first image sensor with submicron pixel pitch is reported. CCD pixel array, a CCD storage array, a horizontal CCD, and Test structures comprising 16 x 16 pixel Full-Frame-Transfer a source follower readout circuit (see Fig. 1). The pixel array (FFT) CCDs with 0.5,um pixels are fabricated in a single-poly uses no metal layers to ac...

I first summarize Baltag and Smets’ contribution to this volume, and praise their work. Then I compare the anti-lexicographic plausibility update that they propose to a proposal by Aucher, as an illustration of the difference between a qualitative and a quantitive formulation of updates. I quote Spohn’s original work that is at the root of research in plausibility updates and of the notion of a...

The ability to learn a second language becomes difficult for adults, but not impossible. While implicit processes that can contribute to acquisition of syntax are relatively spared in aging, there are marked deficits in explicit learning, suggesting that language instructions calling on implicit learning might be more effective than that based on explicit learning for older adults. In this expe...