Using tightly focused femtosecond laser pulses of just 5 nJ, we produce optical breakdown and structural change in bulk transparent materials and demonstrate micromachining of transparent materials by use of unamplified lasers. We present measurements of the threshold for structural change in Corning 0211 glass as well as a study of the morphology of the structures produced by single and multip...

Thomas Eberlein‡, Jack Kampmeier§, Vicky Minderhout¶, Richard S. Moog||, Terry Platt‡‡, Pratibha Varma-Nelson§§, and Harold B. White¶¶|||| From the School of Science, Engineering, and Technology, Pennsylvania State University-Harrisburg, Middletown, Pennsylvania 17057-4898, §Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627-0216, ¶Department of Chemistry, Seattle Unive...

Numerous studies have shown the successful use of human stromal cells as feeders for the propagation of pluripotent stem cells. In this study, we investigated the use of human fetal femur-derived mesenchymal stem cells (fMSCs) as an alternative to MEFs. We comparatively cultured over several passages hESCs and iPSCs on fMSCs and MEFs as feeder layers as well as conditioned medium (CM) produced ...

Furthermore, by using [2, p. 230, (1)] a computable representation for the G-function in (1) (and hence also for F,112(s)) may be given in terms of essentially a linear combination of four hypergeometric functions OF3[b2s2 /16] provided that no two of the parameters {1, 1 1+v-P1v-P) differ by an integer. This result for Fv-112(s) is given (correctly) in [3, p. 353, (9)] so that the proposed int...