bone is formed through the processes of endochondral and intramembranous ossification. in endochondral ossification primary mesenchymal cells differentiate to chondrocytes and then are progressively substituted by bone, while in intramembranous ossification mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) differentiate directly into osteoblasts to form bone. the steps of osteogenic proliferation, differentiation,...

Objective(s): To analyze the potential influences of propofol on the oxidative stress of H2O2-induced human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) Eca109 cell through mediating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Materials and Methods: Eca109 cells were classified into 5 groups: Control group, H2O2 group, Propofol + H2O2 group, Dkk1 (Dickkopf-1, Wnt/β-catenin pathway antagonist) + H2O2 group...

Introduction: Astrocytes, the most abundant glia in the central nervous system, modulate neuronal survival and function. Astrocytic functions are mediated by synthesis and secretion of wide ranges of polypeptides through mechanism (s) poorly understood. Among these, TGFβs are synthesized and released by the astrocytes. In this study, the involvement of Wnt signaling pathway on the synthesi...

background: coronary artery disease (cad) is the major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. the aim of this study was to explore the effect of resveratrol (res) on canonical β-catenin/wnt and forkhead box o (foxo) pathways in cad patients.method: we performed this study on 10 metabolic syndrome patients with three-vessel cad and 10 sex-aged matched healthy subjects. the effects of res on...

Wingless-integrated/β-catenin (Wnt/β-catenin) signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved which not only important for regulation of embryogenesis and organ development, but also injury repair, homeostasis tissue remodeling. Dysregulation this either by upregulation or even downregulation highly implicated in various diseases such as; liver diseases, kidney lung fibrosis, heart failure, va...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE For diagnosis of medulloblastoma, the updated World Health Organization classification now demands for genetic typing, defining more precisely tumor biology, therapy, and prognosis. We investigated potential associations between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters including apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) neuropathologic features focusing on subtypes. METHODS...