BACKGROUND To better understand localized meningococcal meningitis epidemics, we evaluated a serogroup A (NmA) epidemic in Burkina Faso by surveillance, carriage, and seroprevalence studies. METHODS During March-April 2006, cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients suspected to have meningitis in 3 epidemic villages were analyzed by culture or polymerase chain reaction. We assessed meningococ...

Reduced immune responses to repeated polysaccharide vaccination have been previously reported, but there are limited immunogenicity data on the use of meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PSV) followed by meningococcal conjugate vaccine. Saudi Arabian adolescents (aged 16 to 19 years) who had previously been vaccinated with ≥1 dose of bivalent meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine and 1 dose of...

This study investigated the effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and silver (AgNPs) on expression rsmA rsbA genes in multi-drug resistant Proteus mirabilis. The were synthesized using cell-free supernatant P. Gene levels quantified quantitative Reverse Transcription Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR) technique. results showed that gene was significantly downregulated mirabilis isolates treated wit...

In this paper, we propose a relay shift based approach to solve uneven sensor distribution problem due to the initial random dropping or the existence of faulty sensors. The distinguishing feature of our work is that the sensors in our model have limited mobility. After determining the optimal cluster head positions by particle swarm optimization (PSO) method, we use proposed Relay Shift Based ...

وراثت مقاومت سفیدبالک گلخانه، Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)، به دو ترکیب ایمیداکلوپرید و کلرپایریفوس مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. در این پژوهش، از جمعیت فیلستان ورامین (FL) عنوان والد مقاوم فردیس کرج (FR) حساس استفاده شد. مقدار ترتیب حدودا 62/13 91/14 برابر بود. عدم وجود اختلاف معنی‌دار LC50 روی تلاقی‌های F1 (R♂×S♀) Fʹ1 (R♀×S♂) نشان داد که T. نوع اتوزومی (غیرجنسی) است. ه...