BACKGROUND Heart failure (HF) is an important contributor to both the burden and cost of national healthcare expenditures, with more older Americans hospitalized for HF than for any other medical condition. With the aging of the population, the impact of HF is expected to increase substantially. METHODS AND RESULTS We estimated future costs of HF by adapting a methodology developed by the Ame...

BACKGROUND Current disease burden estimates do not provide evidence across different ethnic groups. This study aims to assess the disease burden as measured by the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for six ethnic groups in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, for 2011 and 2030. METHODS The DALYs were calculated by combining three components: disease-/sex-/age-specific DALYs per person; disease-sp...

This study focuses on the development of electric vehicles (EV) in the private passenger vehicle fleet in Beijing (China), analyzes how EVs will penetrate in the market, and estimates the resulting impacts on energy consumption and CO2 emissions up to 2030. A discrete choice model is adopted with consideration of variables including vehicle technical characteristics, fuel prices, charging condi...

When used correctly and consistently, the male condom offers triple protection from unintended pregnancy and the transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, with health funding levels stagnant or falling, it is important to understand the cost and health impact associated with prevention technologies. This study is one of the first to ...

BACKGROUND Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) remains a major cause of mortality in the United Kingdom. Yet predictions of future CHD mortality are potentially problematic due to population ageing and increase in obesity and diabetes. Here we explore future projections of CHD mortality in England & Wales under two contrasting future trend assumptions. METHODS In scenario A, we used the conventional...

BACKGROUND The United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals for 2030 include reducing premature mortality from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) by one third. To assess the feasibility of this goal in China, we projected premature mortality in 2030 of NCDs under different risk factor reduction scenarios. METHODS We used China results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 as empirical d...

OBJECTIVE Despite rapid declines over the last two decades, coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality rates in the British Isles are still amongst the highest in Europe. This study uses a modelling approach to compare the potential impact of future risk factor scenarios relating to smoking and physical activity levels, dietary salt and saturated fat intakes on future CHD mortality in three countri...

This is a survey of the studies identified with the potential effect that the new changes of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia's vision for 2030 with a consideration on the Ministry of Education (MOE) in Saudi Arabia will influence the self-appraisal of Saudi understudies/students by their family’s interest or participation. A few studies indicate strong proof that the developments of the Kingdom of Saud...

Biomass provides 10% of the global energy supply and electricity generation from biomass and waste is expected to increase by a factor of 4 by 2030. Currently efficiency of biomass power generation is poor and IEA targets improvements from 18% to 25% by 2030 [1]. Such increases in efficiency will require significant new technology and accurate real-time measurement of the flow of these highly v...